Ventricular Function

Question 1

Valves and stenotic vs. insufficient

Answer 1

Ensure one way flow
Opened and closed by P gradients
Should provide little resistance to flow when open

Stenotic - don’t open properly

Insuff - don’t close properly

Question 2

Phase of cardiac cycle

Answer 2

Diastolic filling - AV open and others closed

Isovolumetric contraction - both closed and ventricles contract

Ejection - Aoritc and pulm open, AVs closed

Isovolumetric relaxation - both closed

Question 3

Pre-load and Afterload

Ejection fraction

Answer 3

Pre-load - look at end-diastolic pressure or volume

Afterload - pressure the heart ejects blood against

Proportion of blood pumped out during cardiac cycle…stroke volume/EDV

Question 4

Bottom right

Answer 4

Where filling pressure and diastolic P/V intersect

Will change if stiffness changes

Question 5

Top left

Answer 5

Where afterload and systolic P/V intersect

Change if pumping insufficiency

Question 6

Draw PV curve

Answer 6

See Notes

Question 7

Wigger Diagram

Answer 7

See notes