Ventilation- WK3 ( CH11 pt.2) Flashcards
What is the difference between quiet and forced ventilation.
quiet: respiration at rest
forced: respiration during exertion
Define the following terms: total lung capacity, vital capacity, tidal volume
total lung capacity: total volume of air in the lungs can hold; (5.5-6L)
vital capacity: maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inhalation
tidal volume: the volume of air moved in and out of lungs during each ventilation cycle (.5 L )
What is Boyle’s law ?
at a fixed temperature and mass the volume and pressure of gas lungs during each ventilation cycle is inversely proportional
How are the following actions achieved ?: quiet inspiration, quiet expiration, forced inspiration, forced expiration
quiet inspiration: increased thoracic volume, decreased lung pressure, draws air in.
quiet expiration: reversal of inspiration
forced inspiration: requires muscles of of inspiration
forced expiration: requires muscles of expiration
Explain how the ribs move during ventilation at the: costovertebral and sternocostal joints
costovertebral joints: bucket handle motion; joint motion enables elevation and depression of ribs as the joint itself rotates
sternocostal joints: the joint cartilages bend and twist
How does the rib cage keep from collapsing during inpsiration ?
intercostal muscles and scalenes prevent rib cage from caving from pressure
What is paradoxical breathing ?
When the rib cage contracts as opposed to expanding during inhalation
Explain the pathomechanics of COPD.
inflated chest due to air retention; barrel chest
diaphragm may remain low which means the muscles line of pull is different than normal, may actually bring ribs in instead of out
How does a closed upper extremity chain assist with breathing ?
allow use of proximal pecs and lats to assist in breathing
leads to increased fatigue and dyspnea
