Ventilation & Tools Flashcards
Ventilation is the:
planned removal of pressure, heat, smoke, and gases through predetermined paths
How do heated gases move in a room?
They rise to the ceiling and spread outward
What is the term for the main area of the fire?
Seat
What type of ventilation occurs when clean air is blown into a structure to force fire gases out?
Positive Pressure
Which statement about positive-pressure ventilation is correct?
A) It uses a smoke ejector to draw smoke out of a building
B) it should be used only if attack crews have access to the fire
C) It can be used only under favorable wind conditions
D) It requires the use of a built in HVAC system
B) it should be used only if attack crews have access to the fire
Which term means the spread of a fire from one floor to another via exterior windows?
Leap-frogging
Which type of construction technique builds one floor at a time with a firestop between each floor?
Platform Frame
What does fast moving smoke indicate?
Very hot fire
Which type of ventilation uses openings in roofs or floors so that heat and smoke can escape the structure in an upward direction?
Vertical
For natural ventilation, which windows should be opened last?
Leeward Windows
How do Thermopane windows affect fire behavior?
Allow for faster heat build up within the structure
A problem with using doorways as ventilation openings is that ___.
this technique compromises personnel entry and exit
How can churning be eliminated during smoke ejection?
Completely block the opening around the fan
Where is water directed during hydraulic ventilation?
Out a window or door
What is the greatest danger to fire fighters performing vertical ventilation?
Roof collapse
Which structural component is composed of relatively small and lightweight components arranged in a series of triangles?
Truss
What is the term for an open space within a wall where wires and pipes run?
Chase
In which construction type are there uninterrupted channels in the walls from the foundation to attic?
Balloon Frame
Which hazard is of particular concern in a basement fire?
Smoke and heat venting up the stairs toward the fire fighters
All forms of ventilation that use fans or other powered equipment are classified as ___ ventilation.
Mechanical
Which type of roof opening extends all the way across the roof from one exterior wall to the other by creating a large opening ahead of the fire?
Trench
Which item is used in negative-pressure ventilation?
Smoke Ejector
Which statement about hydraulic ventilation is correct?
A) A medium-diameter line is required
B) A straight or solid stream is used
C) The ventilation crew is not exposed to products of combustion
D) Hydraulic ventilation effectively moves large volumes of heat and smoke
D) Hydraulic ventilation effectively moves large volumes of heat and smoke
Which of the following best describes a recommended procedure for horizontal ventilation of a building?
A) Open the lower windows on the leeward side first, allowing heated gases to escape, then open the upper windows on the windward side
B) Open the upper windows on the leeward side first, allowing heated gases to escape, then open the lower windows on the windward side
C) Open the lower windows on the windward side first, allowing fresh air to enter, then open the upper windows on the leeward side
D) Open the upper windows on the windward side first, allowing fresh air to enter, then open the lower windows on the leeward side.
B) Open the upper windows on the leeward side first, allowing heated gases to escape, then open the lower windows on the windward side
Which statement about the use of existing roof openings for vertical ventilation is correct?
A) Existing roof openings are generally impractical to force open
B) Existing roof openings should be used whenever possible
C) No additional openings should be cut in a roof that has pre-existing openings
D) Existing roof openings are generally too small to be useful
B) Existing roof openings should be used whenever possible
Which form of ventilation is best for potential backdraft conditions?
Vertical
Directing fire streams into ventilation openings can ___ the ventilation process.
Defeat
Smoke produced by a small fire involving ordinary combustibles is ___.
light colored and lazy
What is the minimum measurement for a ventilation opening cut into a roof?
4 ft. x 4 ft.
What is the correct procedure when cutting a ventilation opening in a roof?
Rock the saw over, rather than through, structural supports
When opening a roof, stand ___ the cut.
on the windward side
When performing roof ventilation, the primary hole should be cut:
directly over the fire, if possible
When ventilating the basement, where is the preferred location to ventilate?
The point farthest away from the entrance used by the fire attack crew
What is the preferred method to ventilate a large building?
Individual ventilation of interior compartments
What is the easiest, quickest way to ventilate interior spaces in a building?
Open interior doors
