Ventilation Flashcards
How does inhalation occur?
The intercostal muscles contract, expanding the rib cage outwards/upwards.
The diaphragm contracts, pulling downwards to increase the volume of the chest.
Pressure inside the chest is lowered and air is sucked into the lungs.
How does exhalation occur?
The intercostal muscles relax, the rib cage drops inwards and downwards.
The diaphragm relaxes, moving back upwards, decreasing he volume of the chest.
Pressure inside the chest increases and air is forced out.
Explain the process of an artificial lung?
A perfect seal is created once a patient is enclosed by the machine.
Air pumped out of casing,reduces pressure
—>chest rises filling the lungs.
Lungs empty when air pumps back in.
Head/neck remain free.
What happens when using a negative pressure ventilator?
The patient is placed in an airtight machine from the neck down.
Vacuum is created around the thorax. This creates a negative pressure = expansion of the thorax and a decrease in pressure.
As a result, air is drawn into the lungs.
As the vacuum is released, the elasticity of the lungs, diaphragm and chest wall cause exhalation
What happens when using a positive pressure ventilator?
Air is forced into the lungs through a tube which is inserted into the trachea.
As the ventilator pumps air in, the lungs inflate.
When the ventilator stops, the elasticity of the lungs, diaphragm and chest wall cause exhalation.
