Venous Anatomy Flashcards
another name for venous valves
bicuspid
what is the function of venous valves
open and close, allowing unidirectional flow
which veins do not have valves
SVC, IVC, innominate, soleal veins/sinuses, intracranial sinuses
how many valves does the GSV have
10-20
how many valves does the SSV have
6-12
what vein has the most valves
GSV
describe the superficial system
drains the skin and subcutaneous tissues, empty INTO the superficial truncal veins or directly into the deep system
lies in the superficial compartment
the superficial truncal veins lies in the saphenous compartment
empties into the deep system
describe the perforating veins
perforate the fascia and connect the deep and superficial system
describe the deep system
carries 85-90% of the blood out of the limb
lies in the deep muscular compartment
drains the muscular compartment and the superficial system via the perforating veins
what are the two primary superficial TRUNCAL veins
GSV and SSV
describe the GSV
longest vein of the body, ascends medially from the foot to the CF forming the saphenofemoral junction SFJ
has its own fascial compartment
describe SSV
origin: dorsal venous arch, termination often the popliteal but highly variable
has it own fascial compartment
describe AAGSV
origin - anterior thigh, termination often the greater saphenous vein
alignment sign - it aligns with the superficial femoral artery
describe PAGSV
posterior accessory great saphenous vein
origin - posterior thigh, termination often the greater saphenous vein but variable
enlarges with pelvic congestion
often the leg source of posterior thigh varicosities
describe epigastric vein
drains the skin of the lower abdomen
termination is often the common femoral, grater saphenous, or accessory saphenous
may serve as a collateral with IVC/iliac obstruction
what is an important landmark for venous interventional procedures
superficial epigastric vein
describe Giacomini vein
only vein that retains its eponym
it is an intersaphenous vein, it connects the SSV with the GSV
the persistence of this vein may play a contributory role in the development of chronic venous disease
important to eval. during duplex venous ultrasound to assess venous function
describe Perforating vein
perforate the fascia and carry blood from superficial veins into the deep veins
how many perforators are there and where are they located
femoral canal - dodd
paratibial perforators - boyd, sherman
posterior tibial perforator - cockett
medial ankle perforators
define venae comitantes
a pair of veins, occasionally more, that closely accompany an artery
describe peroneal vein
formed by confluence of venules
drains blood from posterior lateral compartment of leg
often unites as a single vein prior to joining the posterior tibial vein
describe posterior tibial vein
formed from the plantar metatarsal veins
ascends from the medial ankle along the medial calf
drains the posterior medial compartment of the accompanied PTA
often unites as a single vein (forming a trunk) prior to joining the peroneal veins
describe anterior tibial vein
formed from the continuation of the dorsalis pedis vein
ascends through the anterior compartment of the leg from the ankle to the knee along the interosseous membrane
joins the PTVs then joins the pop vein
describe gastrocnemius vein
paired vein sets (medial and lateral) within the gastrocnemius muscle of the calf, companion artery, join the popliteal vein
