Veins

Question 1

venous drainage

Answer 1

-Veins are generally larger & more numerous than arteries
-Veins have one-way valves to prevent back flow of blood (arteries do not need valves because the pressure of the blood flow in them naturally prevents back flow)
-Most veins of the head & neck have valves, but not all

Question 2

veins are returning blood to the heart (all the veins)

Answer 2

Facial vein
Retromandibular
Superficial Temporal
Maxillary
Pterygoid Plexus
Posterior Superior Alveolar
Inferior Alveolar
Internal Jugular
External Jugular

Question 3

facial vein- orbital region

Answer 3

-Begins at medial corner of eye with:
-Supratrochlear & supraorbital veins
-Anastomoses with ophthalmic vein

Question 4

facial vein- oral region

Answer 4

-Superior labial
-Inferior labial
-Submental
-Lingual
-Anastomoses with deep veins: pterygoid plexus & retromandibular

Question 5

facial vein drains into

Answer 5

internal jugular

Question 6

facial vein communicates with the

Answer 6

Cavernous venous sinus

Question 7

Facial Vein -Cavernous Venous Sinus

Answer 7

-Located on each side of the body of the sphenoid bone
-Communicate with each other & the pterygoid plexus & superior ophthalmic veins
-May be involved in the spread of infection
Can lead to fatal results

Question 8

Retromandibular Vein

Answer 8

-Formed by merger of superficial temporal & maxillary veins
-Emerges from parotid gland area and courses inferiorly
-Divides below parotid gland into two parts
*anterior
*posterior

Question 9

Retromandibular Vein- anterior

Answer 9

joins facial vein

Question 10

Retromandibular Vein- posterior

Answer 10

-continues downward along SCM muscle
-Joins posterior auricular (drains scalp behind ear)
-Forms the external jugular

Question 11

Pterygoid Plexus

Answer 11

Drains veins from deep portion of face, then drains into maxillary vein (A very short structure that begins in infratemporal fossa)

Question 12

Pterygoid Plexus drains

Answer 12

-Middle meningeal (from brain)
-Posterior Superior Alveolar (PSA)
-Inferior Alveolar (IA)
-Nose
-Palate
-Dental Tissues

Question 13

what is the pterygoid plexus

Answer 13

Pterygoid Plexus is a collection of small anastomosing vessels located bilaterally around the pterygoid muscles, surrounding the maxillary artery in the infratemporal fossa

Question 14

pterygoid plexus can spread infection to

Answer 14

cavernous venous sinus

Question 15

teeth drainage- posterior superior alveolar vein

Answer 15

drains maxillary teeth and surrounding periodontium
*and drains onto pterygoid plexus

Question 16

teeth drainage- inferior alveolar

Answer 16

Drains mandibular teeth & surrounding periodontium
*and drains onto pterygoid plexus

Question 17

internal jugular drainage

Answer 17

-drains brain as well as most other structures of the head & neck
-Originates in cranial cavity & leaves the skull through the jugular foramen

Question 18

external jugular drainage

Answer 18

-drains extracranial tissues
-The posterior division of the retromandibular vein becomes the external jugular
-Terminates in the subclavian vein
-Visible as it crosses the SCM muscle

Question 19

Vein path to heart

Answer 19

Because the superior vena cava is on the RIGHT side of the heart, the brachiocephalic veins are asymmetrical

The right side is shorter & verticalThe left side is longer & horizontal
internal/external>subclavian>brachiocephalic> superior vena cava> heart