vegetative terminology

Question 1

vegetative characteristics

Answer 1

form, branching, leaf arrangement, leaf shape, surfaces of stems/leaves, stipules, underground organs (rhizomes, roots)

Question 2

reproductive characteristics

Answer 2

inflorescence type, fruits, flowers, floral structure, seeds

Question 3

Raunkiear’s life forms

Answer 3

based on location of perennating buds during dormant seasons

Question 4

phanerophytes

Answer 4

perrenating buds >25cm above soil (A)

Question 5

chamaephytes

Answer 5

perennating buds <25cm above soil (2, 3)

Question 6

hemicryptophytes

Answer 6

buds near soil surface (4)

Question 7

cryptophytes

Answer 7

below soil or water

Question 8

geophytes

Answer 8

below dry soil

Question 9

helophytes

Answer 9

belowground in a marsh environment

Question 10

hydrophytes

Answer 10

submerged in water

Question 11

epiphytes

Answer 11

no connection to soil (airplants)

Question 12

therophytes

Answer 12

annuals (no dormant season)

Question 13

meristem

Answer 13

areas of undifferentiated cells found throughout the cell (think stem cells)

Question 14

xylem tissue

Answer 14

inner part of vascular bundle that moves water and minerals from roots to stems
- dead at maturity

Question 15

phloem

Answer 15

outer part of vascular bundle that moves water and nutrients throughout the plant
- live cells

Question 16

function of primary root growth

Answer 16

anchorage, transport, storage, absorption, seel out water/nutrients (grow towards resources)

Question 17

root primary growth makeup

Answer 17

water, conductive tissue, root hair, root cap

Question 18

root endodermis

Answer 18

hydrophobic layer of cells within the root to regulate water/nutrient uptake

Question 19

pericycle in roots

Answer 19

layer of cells between endodermis and vascular bundle

Question 20

root secondary growth

Answer 20

lateral (girth) expansion of vascular tissue in the meristem (think carrots)

Question 21

root growth strategies

Answer 21

diffuse and tap

Question 22

haustoria

Answer 22

parasitic plants that grow into the vascular bundle of host plants

Question 23

why do doots continue to grow when aboveground parts are dormant

Answer 23

maintain good water supply so stems can flush our ASAP in the spring

Question 24

do roots have buds

Answer 24

no

Question 25

makeup of shoot primary growth

Answer 25

stems, buds, leavesfu

Question 26

function of shoot primary growth

Answer 26

elongation, phytosynthesis (leaves/stems on herbaceous plants), transport, reproduction, storage, competition for light

Question 27

apical meristem

Answer 27

meristematic tissue on the tip of the plant

Question 28

axillary meristems

Answer 28

meristematic tussye on the sdes of developing shiits