Vegetable Oil and Biofuel Flashcards
What was a major catalyst for the resurgence of interest in biofuels in the 1970s?
The 1970s oil crisis
Which ancient civilization practice laid the groundwork for modern biofuel usage?
Early civilizations using plant-based oils for lamps
What type of biofuel was demonstrated at the Paris Exposition in 1900?
Vegetable oil
Who secured the first patent for a biodiesel production process?
A Belgian inventor
What is the primary source of vegetable oil?
Oilseeds
Which process involves the reaction of hydrogen atoms with unsaturated fats and oils?
Hydrogenation
What are some examples of oilseed crops used for vegetable oil production?
Cottonseed and sunflower seeds
What is biodiesel typically made from?
Vegetable oils and animal fats
Which equipment is used to extract oil from seeds in vegetable oil production?
Expeller presses
What is the main function of filters in the vegetable oil production process?
Removing impurities from extracted oil
What type of raw material is used for ethanol production in biofuels?
Sugars and starches
Which process in biofuel production involves breaking down biomass without oxygen
to make bio-oil?
Pyrolysis
What is the main byproduct of biodiesel production?
Glycerin
Which of the following is NOT a contemporary issue of vegetable oil?
High omega-3 fatty acid content
What is a significant environmental concern related to biofuels?
Increased greenhouse gas emissions
Which equipment is used in biofuel production to grind biomass feedstocks?
Grinders and hammer mills
What is biogas primarily composed of?
Methane and carbon dioxide
Which oilseed is known for its low erucic acid content?
Canola
Which process in vegetable oil production involves heating and softening seeds?
Using cookers or steamers
What type of biofuel is produced through the fermentation of crops high in sugar?
Ethanol
What type of oil requires specially prepared vehicles for use?
Straight vegetable oil
Which contemporary issue is associated with the use of food crops for biofuel
production?
Food vs. fuel debate
Which process involves removing phosphatides from crude vegetable oils?
Degumming
What is the main concern regarding the environmental impact of vegetable oil
production?
Deforestation
Which oilseed crop is known for its high omega-6 fatty acid content?
Soybean
Which byproduct of oil extraction can be used as livestock feed?
Oilseed meal
Which step in vegetable oil production involves removing free fatty acids and
phosphatides?
Refining
What is the typical use of biodiesel?
Fuel for diesel engines
What type of plant is a significant source of bioethanol?
Sugarcane
What environmental issue is linked to large-scale oil palm plantations?
Soil erosion
Which technology is essential for converting biomass into liquid biofuels?
Gasification systems
What is the purpose of winterisation in vegetable oil production?
Improving clarity and stability at low temperatures
Which biofuel is produced through the anaerobic digestion of organic matter?
Biogas
Which oilseed is specifically associated with the production of high-oleic oil?
Sunflower
What is the main use of glycerin, a byproduct of biodiesel production?
In soap and cosmetic production
What is the goal of the degumming process in oil refining?
Removing phosphatides and other impurities
What is a major benefit of biodiesel compared to traditional diesel?
Reduced environmental impact
What type of biofuel can be produced from algae?
Biodiesel
Which oilseed is a significant source of omega-3 fatty acids?
Flaxseed
What is the role of a distillation column in biofuel production?
Separating different components based on boiling points
Which crop is a common source of biodiesel in the United States?
Soybean
What is the main concern with the omega-6/omega-3 ratio in vegetable oils?
Nutritional imbalance
What process can convert plant oils into biodiesel?
Transesterification
Which byproduct of oil production can be used as a fertilizer?
Oilseed meal
What is a major advantage of using algae for biofuel production?
Rapid growth rate
What is the purpose of bleaching in vegetable oil refining?
Enhancing oil color and clarity
Which biofuel can be directly used in diesel engines without modification?
Biodiesel
What is the main feedstock for ethanol production in the United States?
Corn
What environmental issue is linked to the excessive use of vegetable oils?
Water pollution
Which process involves the use of heat and chemicals to break down biomass for
biofuel production?
Hydrolysis
