Vectors,scalars And Graphs Of Motion Flashcards
Scaler quantities
physical quantities that have magnitude only such as time,mass and charge Scalar quantities can just be added or subtracted
Vector quantities
Physical quantities that have both magnitude and direction such as force and wait vector quantities can just be idle subtracted but they need to be added or subtracted algebraically as they have a direction
Negative vectors and scalars
Negative factors have the same magnitude as a positive vector a travel in the opposite direction negative scalars have a much smaller magnitude
Resultant
They combined effort of a number of vectors the resultant is the vector quantity that has the same effect as two or more vector quantities
motion
Change in position of the body with respect to time
Frames of reference
A set of reference points such as the set of access that enables the position of an object to be defined at any time
Position
Plotted relative to a reference point or Arjun it is Vector quantity
One dimensional motion
Motion along a straight line and can be either in One Direction or the opposite direction
Distance
The length of the path that an object moves along from one position to another it is the scaler quantity and is represented D ,it is measured in metres
Displacement
Change in position it is the magnitude and direction of a straight line drawn from the initial to final point it is a vector quantity and is represented as delta X or delta Y is measured in metres in a certain direction
Calculating displacement
You don’t displacement equals X final minus X initial so Delta X= Xf-Xi
Average speed
Total distance travelled divided by the total time the constant speed message through for a car to travel the distance in a certain time
Average speed formula
Average speed = distance/time
it is measured in metres per second it is Scalar quantity and has magnitude only it is the quotient of two scalars
Average velocity
You displacement or change in position divided by the total time taken the last has both magnitude and direction
Average velocity formula
V=delta X/ delta t
It is measured in metres per second in a direction
Conversion kilometres per hour to metres per second
Divide by 3, 6
Average acceleration
Change in velocity divided by time taken
Average acceleration formula
A = delta V/delta t
It is measured in metres per second squared in a direction as it is a vector quantity
Positive and negative acceleration
In one dimensional motion positive and negative in opposite directions positive exhilaration is what we commonly term acceleration and negative acceleration is what we term deceleration
Formula for calculating gradient
Delta Y/Delta X
Instantaneous velocity
Displacement divided by an infantismal time interval is a vector quantity the gradient of a tangent of a point on a position time graph formula is V equals delta X/Delta T it is measured in metres per second in a direction
Instantaneous speed
Same as the magnitude of instantaneous velocity
Physical quantity
Measurable property of something we find in nature
Displacement time graphs or delta X-T graphs
Stationery so V=zero is a straight horizontal line
Constant velocity forwards is a straight line up to the right hand corner
Constant velocity backwards is a straight line down from the left-hand corner
Increasing velocity so positive acceleration is a curved graph from nought up to the right hand corner
Decreasing velocity so negative acceleration is a curve graph from nought up to right hand corner so that looks like a sun
Gradient = velocity
Time graphs or V-T graphs
Constant velocity so no acceleration is a straight horizontal line
increase in velocity so positive acceleration is a straight line from nought up to the right hand corner decreasing velocity so negative acceleration is a straight line from top left-hand corner to the bottom
Gradient=acceleration
Area under graph = displacement
acceleration time graphs
Constant velocity so zero exhilaration is straight line on the nought line
positive acceleration is a straight line above the zero line
negative acceleration is a straight line below the zero line
equations of motion
✨✨✨for equations uniform and average acceleration must be same at all times and motion in 1-D only✨✨✨
Vf=Vi +a🔺t
(Vf)square = (Vi)square + 2a🔺x
🔺x =Vi🔺t +1/2a(🔺t)square
🔺x =(Vi +Vf)/2 x 🔺t
Braking distance
Shortest distance it takes the brakes of a vehicle to bring it to a stop proportional to the square of the speed
Thinking distance
Distance of the vehicle travels before the drive applies breaks
Stopping distance
Total distance need to stop a motor vehicle
Following distance
Distance between the cars on the road
