Vectors In Two Dimensions

Question 1

Definition of scalars

Answer 1

A quantity that has only magnitude

Question 2

Definition of vectors

Answer 2

A quantity that has magnitude and direction

Question 3

Definition of resultant vector

Answer 3

A single vector that will have the same effect as the original vectors acting together

Question 4

Definition of collinear vectors

Answer 4

Vectors that lie on the same or parallel lines

Question 5

Definition of Equilibrium

Answer 5

The net or sum of all the forces acting on an object is zero

Question 6

Definition of weight

Answer 6

Measure of force with which the Earth pulls you downward

Question 7

Definition of normal force

Answer 7

Force exerted by surface on an object it’s in contact with. It acts perpendicular to the surface.

Question 8

Definition of tension

Answer 8

A pulling force experienced in a rope or cable

Question 9

Definition of frictional force

Answer 9

The force that opposes the motion of an object and acts parallel to the surface.

Question 10

Definition of static friction

Answer 10

Force that opposes tendency of motion of a stationary object relative to the surface

Friction that a stationary object must overcome in order to be set in motion

Question 11

Definition of kinetic friction

Answer 11

Force that opposes motion of object relative to the surface

Question 12

What is a physical quantity?

Answer 12

A property of an object that we can measure

Question 13

How do we identify a physical quantity?

Answer 13

It has a numerical value and a unit

Question 14

Examples of scalars

Answer 14

• mass
• time
• distance
• speed

Question 15

Examples of vectors

Answer 15

• weight
• force
• acceleration
• velocity

Question 16

Steps of the head-to-tail method used to determine the resultant

Answer 16

1. Choose scale and draw rough diagram
2. Draw mini-cartesion plane to place protractor on
3. Measure angle and place a dot
4. Draw vector, according to scale, in line with dot
5. Draw mini-cartesion plane at head of 1st vector
6. Place protractor down and measure the angle
7. Draw resultant from tail of 1st to head of last vector

Question 17

When does an object experience equilibrium?

Answer 17

When the object is either stationary or moving at constant velocity

Question 18

How do you put an object in equilibrium?

Answer 18

A force (equilibrant) equal to resultant must be applied in opposite direction to the resultant

Question 19

Meaning of a closed diagram

Answer 19

When forces are in equilibrium, they can be rearranged head-to-tail into a closed vector diagram

Question 20

Formula for weight

Answer 20

Mass × gravity

Question 21

What unit is mass measured in?

Answer 21

Kilograms (kg)

Question 22

How much is the gravitational force?

Answer 22

9.8 ms‐²

Question 23

Formula of normal force

Answer 23

N = W = mg

Question 24

Which direction does gravity act in?

Answer 24

Straight down

Question 25

Which direction does normal force act in?

Answer 25

Perpendicular to the surface

Question 26

What is the formula for the perpendicular gravitational force?

Answer 26

Mg cos¤

Question 27

What is the formula for the parallel gravitational force?

Answer 27

Mg sin¤

Question 28

List two tension forces

Answer 28

• a pulling force experienced in a rope/cable
• the force between 2 objects that are touching

Question 29

List the two kinds of frictional force

Answer 29

• static friction
• kinetic friction

Question 30

Definition of maximum static friction

Answer 30

The maximum frictional force that is applied without it moving

Question 31

When will there be no resultant force?

Answer 31

When the velocity is constant