Vector Borne Diseases Flashcards
There are 6 major vector-borne diseases. Name them.
- Yellow fever
- Japanese Encephalitis
- Tick-Borne Encephalitis
- Dengue Fever
- West Nile Fever
- Malaria
________ are living organisms that transmit infectious diseases between humans or from animals to humans, most of which are bloodsucking insects, which ingest disease-producing microorganisms during a blood meal from an infected host (human or animal) and later inject it into a new host during their subsequent blood meal.
Vectors
________ are the best known disease vector, while others include ticks, flies, sandflies, fleas, triatomine bugs, and some freshwater aquatic snails.
Mosquitoes
In the malaria parasite life cycle, a malaria-infected female Anopheles mosquito inoculates _______ into the human host, which infect liver cells.
Sporozoites
In the malaria parasite life cycle, sporozoites mature into _________.
Schizonts
In the malaria parasite life cycle, schizonts rupture and release ______, which leave the liver, go into the bloodstream, and infect RBCs.
Merozoites
In the malaria parasite life cycle, during the ring stage in RBCs, _______ mature into schizonts, which rupture the RBCs, releasing merozoites.
Trophozoites
During the exo-erythrocytic cycle (process that takes place in liver) of the malaria parasite life cycle, sporozoite –> ______ –> ______.
Sporozoite –> Schizonts –> Merozoites
Following the exo-erythrocytic cycle of the malaria life cycle, merozoites get into the blood stream and infect RBCs. This is called the erythrocytic cycle, where there is a ring stage. During the ring stage, _______ –> _______ –> merozoites. Some of these merozoites develop into gametocytes
trophozoites –> schizonts –> merozoites
During the sporogonic cycle, microgametocytes and macrogametocytes come together to create zygotes. A motile zygote is called _____, which develops into ________, which releases sporozoites ready to infect the next person.
Ookinetes –> Oocysts –> Sporozoites
Where does yellow fever get its name from?
Bc it causes jaundice (yellowing of the eyes)
Yellow fever is transmitted by this type of mosquito.
Aedes mosquito
In Japanese Encephalitis, this animal acts as a reservoir and is the main part of the amplification cycle of the disease because this animal doesn’t get sick, but rather, harbors the virus, so every time it is bitten by a mosquito, the mosquito picks up the virus.
Pigs
Which type of mosquito transmits dengue?
Aedes mosquito
True or False: Pigs are affected by West Nile Fever.
FALSE! They are affected by JEV
How is West Nile Fever controlled in Michigan?
By testing dead birds when they are found to see if they carry the pathogen.
West Nile Fever is transmitted by ________.
Corvids
A _______ is a bird that is a member of the crow family, which includes crows, blue jays and ravens. They appear to be especially susceptible to West Nile virus infection and can be used as an early indicator of the virus in an area.
Corvid
True or False: West Nile virus can be transmitted by consuming infected birds or animals.
False!
True or False: West Nile virus can be transmitted from handling live or dead infected birds.
False!
True or False: West Nile virus cannot be transmitted from person-to-person or from animal-to-person through casual contact.
True
The RTS,S/AS01 vaccine targets the ________ stage of the plasmodium falciparum parasite (aka _____ stage of malaria parasite life cycle)
Pre-erythrocytic stage
Dengvaxia is the first Dengue vaccine that has been licensed in Mexico, Brazil, El Salvador, and the Philippines. It covers how many Dengue virus strands?
4 (DENV-1 through DENV-4)
The main adverse event associated with the malaria vaccine is _____.
Meningitis
The vaccine for Dengue is a ___-dose series.
3
The vaccine for malaria is a ___-dose series.
3
The vaccine for Japanese Encephalitis is a ___-dose series.
2
The Japanese Encephalitis vaccine, called Ixiaro, is what type of vaccine?
Inactivated
What is the only serious adverse event associated with Japanese Encephalitis due to the fact that it contains protamine sulfate?
Severe allergic/hypersensitivity reactions
The vaccine for Yellow fever is a ___-dose series.
1
