-ve RNA Viruses Flashcards by Mohammed Shembesh

Measles

Causes 4c “cough , coryza , conjuctivits , koplick spots

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Measles complications

pneumonia

2. SSPE “subacute sclresonig pan-encephalitis “

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Measles virulence factors

HA , fusion protein

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Reduce measles mortality

Vitamin A

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Mumps sings and symptoms

Parotitis , orchitis , meningitis

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Mumps virulence factors

HA , fusion protein , NA

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Live attenuated MMR vaccine

Contraindicated in pregnancy

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Rash of measles

Start on the face and spread downwards

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RSV mechanism of infection

Attach to G protein

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The most common cause of bronchiolitis and pneumonia in infants

RSV

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RSV virulence factor

Fusion protein

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Treatment of RSV

Ribavirin

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Prevention of RSV

Palivizumab

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Parainfluenza symptoms and signs

Seal bark cough , steeple sign on x-ray , croup”laryngotracheobrochitis” , inspiratory stridor .

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Parainfiluenzae virus virulence factors

HA , fusion protein , NA

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Bonya virus is

Enveloped “ obtained from the Golgi body of host cells

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Bonya virus has

3 circular segments

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Bonya viruses species

Arbovirus , Hantavirus, California encephalitis virus , Rift Valley fever virus

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Hantavirus reservoir

Deer mouse

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Hantavirus transmitted by

Rodent urine/feces

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Hantavirus cause

Pulmonary Edema
Prerenal azotemia
Hemorrhagic fever

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California encephalitis virus , Rift Valley fever virus transmitted by

Aedes mosquito

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Arenavirus characters

Enveloped -ve sense RNA
Ambisene
Heclical
Has 2 segments

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Virus has garnular appearance on microscopy is

Arenavirus

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Arenavirus transmission by

Rodents

LCV lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus is a member of

Arenavirus

LCV cause

Meningoencephalitis | Fever

Arenavirus inactivated by

Heat | Irradiation

Reovirus is

Naked double stranded RNA virus

The segmented viruses are

BOAR “ Bonya , Orthomyxo , Arena , Reo” viruses

Reovirus has .............. segments

Rotavirus is a member of

Reovirus family

Rotavirus cause

Watery diarrhea by NSP4 toxin

NSP4 toxin increase

Chloride permeability

.............. are at risk for rotavirus infection

Children

The number one cause of severe diarrhea in young children is

Rotavirus

Colorado tick virus is a member of

Reovirus family

Colorado tick virus cause

Fever , myalgia , vomiting

Rotavirus oral live attenuated vaccine side effect is

Intussusception (telescoping of the bowel)

All RNA viruses replicate inside

The cytoplasm except orthomyxovirus (inside the nucleus)

Orthomyxoviruses include

Infeluenza A , B and C

Orthomyxovirus has ............ segments , which allow for .............

8 , antigenic variation

................... is point mutation in the viral genome of orthomyxovirus

Antigenic drift

...................... is when segments are shared to form a new species

Antigenic shift

Antigenic shift responsible for

Pandemics

Antigenic drift responsible for

Seasonal flu or epidemics

influenza viruses – A causes.......................... | – B causes.....................

epidemics and pandemics (Antigenic shift), epidemics (antigenic drift)

Orthomyxovirus pathogenesis by

Hemagluttinin and neuroaminidase

Hemagluttinin bind to

sialic acid promoting viral entry

Neuroaminidase cleaves

sialic acid to release virions from host cell (promotes progeny virion release)

HA molecule will bind to sialic acid on the cell membrane, then endocytosed into the cell, pH needs to be changed by ................... to allow for uncoating.

M2 protein

M2 protein inhibitors

Amantadine/Rimantadine (no uncoating)

Neuroaminidase inhibitors

Oseltamivir/Anamivir (inhibit virion release)

Infeluenza transmission via

Respiratory droplets

Infeluenza has two vaccines

Injectable killed and intranasal live attenuated

A major complication for infeluenza

Pneumonia

............... is contraindicated in children with viral illness

Aspirin cause Reye syndrome ( encephalitis and hepatomegaly )

Infeluenza associated with

Guillain-Barré syndrome (ascending paralysis)

Filovirus is

Enveloped helical -ve sense RNA virus

Viruses of Filovirus family

Ebola and Marburg viruses

Filoviruses can cause

Fever , Petechial rash can progress to hemorrhagic fever , end-organ failure and shock

Filovirus transmission

Through infected bats or primates (monkeys)

Bullet shapd virus is

Rhabdovirus

Carriers of rabies

Bats ,Foxes skunks and other rodents

Rhabdovirus pathogenesis

binds by its glycoprotein spikes to nicotinic acetylcholine | receptors in postsynaptic membrane of motor endplate

Rabies symptoms

Fever , encephalitis , hydrophobia

Rabies diagnosis

Negri bodies (eosinophillic cytoplasmic inclusions ) found in hippocampal pyramidal cells and purkinje cells of cerebellum.

Rabies treatment

Postexposure prophylaxis is wound cleaning plus immunization with killed vaccine and rabies immunoglobulin