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HOA > VDA - Arch > Flashcards

VDA - Arch Flashcards

1
Q

A curved structure for spanning an opening, designed to support a vertical load primarily by axial compression

A

Arch

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2
Q

An arch constructed of individual stone or brick voussoirs

A

Masonry arch

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3
Q

An arch-shaped to develop only axial compression under a given loading. This shape may be found by inverting the funicular shape for a cable carrying a similar loading pattern. It is subject to bending if the loading pattern changes.

A

Funicular arch

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4
Q

A fixed frame structure having an arched form

A

Fixed arch

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5
Q

An arched structure of timber, steel, or reinforced concrete, constructed as a rigid body capable of carrying bending stresses

A

Rigid arch

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6
Q

A two-hinged frame structure having an arched form

A

Two-hinged arch

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7
Q

A three-hinged frame structure having an arched form

A

Three-hinged arch

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8
Q

Any of the wedge-shaped units in a masonry arch or vault, having side cuts converging at one of the arch centers

A

Voussoir

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9
Q

The first voussoir resting on the impost of an arch

A

Springer

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10
Q

The wedge-shaped, often embellished voussoir at the crown of an arch, serving to lock the other voussoirs in place

A

Keystone

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11
Q

The height of an arch from the spring line to the highest point of the intrados

A

Rise

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12
Q

The exterior curve, surface, or boundary of the visible face of an arch. Also called back.

A

Extrados

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13
Q

A decorative molding or band on the face of an arch following the curve of the intrados

A

Archivolt

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14
Q

The inner curve or surface of an arch forming the concave underside

A

Intrados

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15
Q

The point at which an arch, vault, or dome rises from its support

A

Spring

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16
Q

The highest part or point of a convex construction, such as an arch, vault, or roadway

A

Crown

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17
Q

Either side of an arch curving down from the crown to the impost

A

Haunch

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18
Q

The uppermost part of an abutment, often in the form of a block, capital, or molding, from which an arch springs

A

Impost

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19
Q

The triangular-shaped, sometimes ornamented area between the extrados of two adjoining arches, or between the left or right extrados of an arch and the rectangular framework surrounding it

A

Spandrel

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20
Q

An archway having sides or jambs not at right angles with the face of its abutments

A

Skew arch

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21
Q

Any of several concentric rings of masonry forming an arch, esp. when each project beyond the one below

A

Order

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22
Q

A temporary framework for supporting a masonry arch or vault during construction until the work can support itself

A

Centering

23
Q

A board used as centering for a flat arch, slightly crowned to allow for settling of the arch. Also called camber slip

A

Camber piece

24
Q

A crosspiece connecting the ribs in a centering. Also called bolster.

A

Lag

25
Q

The manner in which an arch transforms the vertical forces of a supported load into inclined components and transmits them to abutments on either side of the archway

A

Arch action

26
Q

The median line of an arched structure

A

Arch axis

27
Q

The set of resultants of thrust and weight each part of an arch imposes on the next lower one. For bending to be eliminated throughout an arch, this must coincide with the arch axis.

A

Line of thrust

28
Q

The outward force or pressure exerted by one part of a structure against another

A

Thrust

29
Q

The thrust of an arched structure on its abutments, proportional to the total load and span, and inversely proportional to the rise

A

Drift

30
Q

The part of a structure receiving and supporting the thrust of an arch, vault, or strut

A

Abutment

31
Q

An iron or steel rod serving as a structural tie, esp. one keeping the lower ends of an arch or frame from spreading

A

Tie rod

32
Q

A stone or course of masonry having a sloping face against which the end of a segmental arch rests

A

Skewback

33
Q

An arch having a horizontal intrados with voussoirs radiating from a center below, often built with a slight camber to allow for settling. Also called jack arch.

A

Flat arch

34
Q

An arch having continuously curved intrados, esp. a semicircular one

A

Round arch

35
Q

A flat arch having voussoirs inclined to the same angle on each side of the center

A

French arch

36
Q

An arch having a semicircular intrados

A

Roman arch

37
Q

An arch struck from one or more centers below the springing line

A

Segmental arch

38
Q

A primitive form of arch consisting of two stones laid diagonally to support each other over an opening

A

Triangular arch

39
Q

A false arch is constructed by corbeling courses from each side of an opening until they meet at a midpoint where a capstone is laid to complete the work. The stepped reveals may be smoothed, but no arch action is effected.

A

Corbel arch

40
Q

An arch having one impost higher than the other

A

Rampant arch

41
Q

An arch resting on imposts treated as downward continuations of the archivolt

A

Stilted arch

42
Q

A round arch resting on two large corbels with curved faces

A

Bell arch

43
Q

An arch having an intrados that widens above the springing before narrowing to a rounded crown. Also called Moorish arch.

A

Horseshoe arch

44
Q

An arch having a cusped intrados with three round or pointed foils

A

Trefoil arch

45
Q

A three-centered arch having a crown with a radius much greater than that of the outer pair of curves. Also called anse de panier.

A

Basket-handle arch

46
Q

An arch having a pointed crown

A

Pointed arch

47
Q

A pointed arch having two centers and radii equal to the span

A

Equilateral arch

48
Q

A pointed arch, esp. one having two centers and equal radii

A

Gothic arch

49
Q

A four-centered arch having an inner pair of curves with a radius much greater than that of the outer pair

A

Tudor arch

50
Q

A pointed arch having two centers and radii greater than the span

A

Lancet arch

51
Q

A pointed arch having two centers and radii less than the span

A

Drop arch

52
Q

A pointed arch having two centers and radii less than the span

A

Surbased arch

53
Q

A pointed arch, each haunch of which is a double curve with the concave side uppermost

A

Ogee arch

HOA (6 decks)

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