Brown Bauhaus HOA 2

Question 1

The phase of change in Western European Renaissance architecture (1750-1830) renewed inspiration was sought from Ancient Greek and Roman and from medieval architecture

Answer 1

Neoclassical

Question 2

Ceremonial entrances to Chinese temples or tombs, or occasionally spanning a street with 1-5 arched openings, derived from the Indian torana

Answer 2

Pailou

Question 3

The Arts and Crafts Movement originated in England (c. 1860) is actually a reaction of what historical event?

Answer 3

Industrial Revolution

Question 4

The wealthiest family in Renaissance Italy and gradually assumed supreme authority in the state. It was the greatest patron of art in that time aside by the Church. Its house was founded in 1524 and extinct in 1737.

Answer 4

Medici

Question 5

An artificial canal for conveying water from one point to another, and often to a considerable distance from the source. Often discharged into reservoirs. It works through water from a spring in the hills, collected in a reservoir to build up pressure and ensure a steady supply to the city.

Answer 5

Aqueducts

Question 6

He formulated the canons of proportions that standardized all the Orders and added the Tuscan and Composite orders.

Answer 6

Marcus Vitruvius Polio

Question 7

Buddhist stupas are built to house what objects?

Answer 7

Relics

Question 8

The so-called air shaft from the Great Pyramid’s King’s Chamber which is due south is directed to what stellar constellation?

Answer 8

Orion’s Belt

Question 9

The capital city of the Incas dedicated to the sun-god and has numerous examples of superb masonry construction

Answer 9

Machu Pichu

Question 10

The Maranao royal house which is ancestral house of the datu and his family

Answer 10

Torogan

Question 11

Donato Bramante was the first commissioned architect for the St. Peter in Rome and it was planned in a

Answer 11

Greek cross

Question 12

An underground vault or chamber, especially one beneath a church that is used as a burial place

Answer 12

Crypt

Question 13

The activity, spirit, or time of the humanistic revival of classical art, literature, and learning originating in Italy in the 14C and extending in the 17C, marking the transition from the medieval to the modern world

Answer 13

Renaissance

Question 14

Where did the Gothic style originate?

Answer 14

France

Question 15

The placing of one order of column above another, usually with the more elaborate orders at the top

Answer 15

Supercolumniation

Question 16

A swelling or curving outwards along the outline of a column shaft, designed to counteract the optical illusion which gives a shaft the appearance of curving inwards. Much used by the ancient Greeks.

Answer 16

Entasis

Question 17

Any of several arches like members supporting a vault at the groins, defining its distinct surfaces or dividing these surfaces into panels

Answer 17

Rib

Question 18

Angle-Saxon architecture is the early Romanesque architecture before the Norman Conquest in 1066 of what country?

Answer 18

England

Question 19

The final phase of Gothic architecture from the late 14C through the middle of the 16C, characterized by a flame-like tracery, intricacy of detailing, and frequent complication of interior space

Answer 19

Flamboyant Style

Question 20

The “Sun King”; the King of France (1643-1715) and a great patron of art esp. in the later Renaissance. The Louvre and Versailles were monuments of his lavish expenditure on architecture and the decorative arts.

Answer 20

Louis XIV

Question 21

In early Christian architecture, what Roman building became the model for its churches?

Answer 21

Basilica

Question 22

What is the favorite molding of the Spanish Romanesque?

Answer 22

Rope

Question 23

“Architecture of Small Stones” is the character of what style?

Answer 23

Rococo

Question 24

A method of forming stonework with roughened surfaces and recessed joints, principally employed in Renaissance buildings and mostly exclusive for the wealthy during that time

Answer 24

Rustication

Question 25

The triangular curved overhanging surface by means of which a circular dome is supported over a square or polygonal compartment

Answer 25

Pendentives

Question 26

Ornamented timber roofs are one of the glories of the Gothic style in what country?

Answer 26

England

Question 27

The triangular or segmental space enclosed by a pediment or arch

Answer 27

Tympanum

Question 28

The principal story of a large building, as a palace or villa with formal reception and dining rooms usually one flight above the ground floor

Answer 28

Piano Noble

Question 29

A screen often elaborately adorned and properly surmounted by a crucifix, separating the chancel or choir from the nave of a medieval church

Answer 29

Rood Screen

Question 30

A stylized three-petaled Iris flower tied by an encircling band used as the heraldic bearing of the royal family of France

Answer 30

Fleur-de-lis

Question 31

A decorative representation of a string or garland, flowers, foliage, ribbon, or the like, suspended in a curve between two points

Answer 31

Festoon

Question 32

A broken pediment having an outline formed by pair of S-curves tangent to the horizontal cornice at the ends of the pediment and rising to a pair of scrolls on either side of the center, where a final often rises between the scrolls

Answer 32

Swan's Neck

Question 33

A style of architecture which took the humanist Roman vocabulary of Renaissance architecture and used it in a new rhetorical, theatrical, sculptural fashion, expressing the triumph of absolutist church and state. It is characterized by architectural concerns for color, light and shade, sculptural values and intensity.

Answer 33

Baroque

Question 34

The Religious order was founded by S. Ignatius Loyola in 1540. It combat the effects of the Reformation, it built many preaching churches and it was not only a religious enthusiasts but also a building confraternity.

Answer 34

Jesuits

Question 35

The crossed finial formed by the projecting barge boards at each end of the ridge of a Shinto shrine

Answer 35

Chigi

Question 36

The only surviving book on architecture believed to be written in the ancient Roman era. Although obscurely written in 10 volumes, it became a major reference for Renaissance architects.

Answer 36

De Architectura

Question 37

An indigenous Scandinavian church of the 12C and 13C, having a timber frame, plank walls, a tiered steeply pitched roof windows

Answer 37

Stave Church

Question 38

A relatively small, usually foliated ornament terminating the peak of a spire or pinnacle

Answer 38

Finial

Question 39

A decorative row of arches applied to a wall as a decorative element esp. in Romanesque buildings

Answer 39

Blind Arcades

Question 40

An inclined bar of masonry carried on a segmental arch and transmitting an outward and downward thrust from a roof or vault to a solid buttress that through its mass transforms the thrust into a vertial one

Answer 40

Flying Buttress

Question 41

A projecting ornament, usually in the form of curved foliage used esp. in Gothic architecture to decorate the outer angles of pinnacles, spires, and gables

Answer 41

Crocket

Question 42

A window or doorway in the form of a round-headed archway flanked on either side by narrower compartments, the side compartments being capped with entablatures on which the arch of the central compartment rests

Answer 42

Palladian Window

Question 43

A sacred enclosure or precinct surrounding a temple

Answer 43

Temenos

Question 44

A monumental, freestanding gateway on the approach to a Shinto shrine, consisting of two pillars connected at the top by a horizontal crosspiece and a lintel above it usually curving upward

Answer 44

Torii

Question 45

The mother of Mesoamerica's civilization and the most mystifying

Answer 45

Olmecs

Question 46

A monolithic stone monument whose four sides, which generally carry inscriptions, gently taper into a pyramidion at the top

Answer 46

Obelisk

Question 47

An upright stone slab or pillar with a carved or inscribed surface, used as a monument or marker, or as a commemorative tablet in the face of a building

Answer 47

Stele

Question 48

A Greek building that contains painted pictures

Answer 48

Pinacotheca

Question 49

Describing prehistoric masonry made of huge stoneblocks laid without mortar

Answer 49

Cyclopean

Question 50

A stone built subterranean tomb of the Mycenaean civilization consisting of a circular chamber covered by a corbelled dome and entered by a walled passage through a hillside

Answer 50

Beehive Tomb