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Voice Disorders Dr. Cho > VD Quiz 2 Chapter 3 > Flashcards

VD Quiz 2 Chapter 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Dysphonia

A

the absence of current organic pathology, without obvious psychogenic or neurologic etiology

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2
Q

A very common voice disorder.

A

Muscle Tension Dysphonia

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3
Q

What is persistent MTD a result of?

A

excessive laryngeal and related musculoskeletal tenstion

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4
Q

What is persistent MTD a result of other than excessive laryngeal and related musculoskeletal tension?

A

hyper functional true/or false vocal fold vibratory patterns

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5
Q

What needs to be considered when categorizing MTD as primary or secondary?

A

Based on whether organic pathologic conditions contribute to trigger the muscle tension behavior

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6
Q

Dysphonia in the absence of current organic pathology.

A

Primary MTD

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7
Q

Compensatory response to the primary etiology of dysphonia in the absence of current organic pathology.

A

Secondary MTD

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8
Q

Excessive, atypical or abnormal laryngeal muscle movements

A

Primary & Secondary MTD

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9
Q

Deviant body posture and misuse of neck and shoulder muscles.

A

Factor contributing to MTD

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10
Q

High stress levels

A

Factor contributing to MTD

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11
Q

Excessive voice use

A

Factor contributing to MTD

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12
Q

Persistently loud voice use

A

Factor contributing to MTD

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13
Q

Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease

A

Factor contributing to MTD

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14
Q

Vocal fold nodule

A

Benign laryngeal pathology resulting from MTD

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15
Q

Vocal fold polyp

A

Benign laryngeal pathology resulting from MTD

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16
Q

Reinke’s edema

A

Benign laryngeal pathology resulting from MTD

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17
Q

Located in the glottal margin of each fold (anterior-middle third junction)

A

vocal fold nodule

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18
Q

In its early stage it is soft/pliable, reddish

A

Vocal fold nodule

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19
Q

In its aged and chronic stage it appears hard and white.

A

Vocal fold nodule.

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20
Q

Continuous abuse of the larynx and misuse of the voice causes this pathology.

A

vocal fold nodule

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21
Q

What is compensatory muscular tension a symptom of?

A

vocal fold nodule

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22
Q

What is increased laryngeal effort a symptom of?

A

vocal fold nodules

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23
Q

What is incoordination of respiration/phonation a symptom of?

A

vocal fold nodules

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24
Q

Large vocal fold nodules may cause trouble doing what?

A

breathing (dyspnea)

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25
Q

VF cover is stiff and more massive, and vibration is aperiodic; posterior glottal chink may be observed with hourglass closure. What is this a voice symptom of?

A

vocal fold nodules

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26
Q

What is this a voice acoustic of? Breathiness and are wastage

A

Vocal fold nodules

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27
Q

What is this a voice acoustic of? Hoarse voice quality

A

Vocal fold nodules

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28
Q

What is this a voice acoustic of? Decreased Fo and pitch range.

A

vocal fold nodules

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29
Q

What is this a voice acoustic of? Decreased habitual loudness and dynamic range.

A

vocal fold nodules

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30
Q

What is this a voice acoustic of? Increased perturbation rates jitter/shimmer.

A

vocal fold nodules

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31
Q

What is this a voice acoustic of? Vocal fatigue, frequent throat clearing.

A

vocal fold nodules

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32
Q

What is this a voice acoustic of? higher than normal air flows (aerodynamic features)

A

vocal fold nodules

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33
Q

What behaviors do you want to address by having the client reduce or eliminate?

A

smoking
excess volume
vocal abuse at public events
singing style

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34
Q

What should the client increase if they have VF nodules?

A

hydration

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35
Q

How long will it take the nodule to go away?

A

as long as it took to develop

36
Q

Localized, fluid filled sac on the vocal fold.

A

Vocal fold polyp

37
Q

Pedunculated; attached by slim stalk

A

vocal fold polyp

38
Q

sessile; blister adhere to mucosa

A

vocal fold polyp

39
Q

hemorrhagic; blood filled

A

vocal fold polyp

40
Q

Location: free margin of TVF

A

usually unilateral (90%) can be bilateral

41
Q

Arise at same location as nodules.

A

vocal fold polyp

42
Q

Arise on superficial lamina propria, but deeper than nodules

A

vocal fold poyp

43
Q

pathology due to a single vocal event

A

vocal fold polyp

44
Q

can resolve spontaneously

A

vocal fold polyp

45
Q

Voice symptoms are similar to those of nodule.

A

vocal fold polyp

46
Q

Voice symptom: incomplete vocal fold closure

A

vocal fold polyp

47
Q

Voice symptom: decreased phonation time

A

vocal fold polyp

48
Q

Voice symptom: decreases pitch

A

vocal fold polyp

49
Q

Voice symptom: reduced dynamic range

A

vocal fold polyp

50
Q

Surgery first and then voice treatment for what?

A

vocal fold polyps

51
Q

what are the 4 stages of microflap surgery?

A
  1. small incision
  2. raise flap
  3. remove contents via suction
  4. lay flap down
52
Q

What are the 2 goals of vocal fold polyp surgery?

A
  1. save as much of superficial lamina propria as possible

2. disrupt the glottal margin as little as possible

53
Q

What is a goal is voice polyp therapy?

A

reduce secondary habits

54
Q

What secondary habits should be reduced for vocal fold polyps?

A

overdriving
hard voice onset
secondary strain

55
Q

What other habit should be reduced outside of secondary habits?

A

abusive

56
Q

What should patients with vocal fold polyps practice?

A

vocal hygeine

57
Q

Usually bilateral and asymmetric

A

Reinke’s edema

58
Q

folds appear fluid filled

A

reinke’s edema

59
Q

Extreme cases confused with polyps

A

reinke’s edema

60
Q

in stobe, folds appear stiff

A

reinke’s edema

61
Q

What is the cause of reinke’s edema?

A

hyper-function
smoking
extreme allergies

62
Q

This occurs more in females.

A

Reinke’s edema

63
Q

Voice acoustic: decreased fundamental frequency

A

reinke’s edema

64
Q

Voice acoustic: decrease of range and extension of low end

A

reinke’s edema

65
Q

Voice acoustic: increased perturbation; aperiodicity of voice

A

reinke’s edema

66
Q

Voice acoustic: greater than normal flow loops

A

reinke’s edema

67
Q

Reinke’s edema and related conditions are often responsive to what?

A

voice therapy

68
Q

Treatment: reduce abuse

A

reinke’s edema

69
Q

Treatment: decrease intensity

A

reinke’s edema

70
Q

Treatment: noise in talking environmant

A

reinke’s edema

71
Q

Treatment: decrease/stop “throat clearing”

A

reinke’s edema

72
Q

Treatment: Limited vocal rest, 3-4 weeks

A

reinke’s edema

73
Q

Treatment: increase hydration

A

reinke’s edema

74
Q

Treatment: re-eval in 3-4 weeks

A

reinke’s edema

75
Q

What is success from voice therapy highly dependent on?

A

eliminating the cause of the problem, such as smoking

76
Q

increased tension or strain

A

misuse behavior

77
Q

3 examples of increased tension or strain

A

hard glottal attack
high laryngeal position
anteroposterior laryngeal squeezing

78
Q

Inappropriate pitch level

A

misuse behavior

79
Q

3 examples of inappropriate pitch level

A
  1. persistant glottal fry
  2. lack of pitch variability
  3. puberphonia
80
Q

Excessive talking

A

misuse behavior

81
Q

ventricular phonation

A

misuse behavior

82
Q

excessive, prolonged loudness

A

abusive behaviors

83
Q

strained and excessive use during swelling, inflammation, or other tissue chanves

A

abusive behaviors

84
Q

excessive coughing and throat clearing

A

abusive behaviors

85
Q

scream or noise maker

A

abusive behaviors

Voice Disorders Dr. Cho (9 decks)

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