VBHC - week 2 Flashcards
What does the definition of Quality of Life tells us?
So how to measure the benefits of health care in terms of quality of life, in relation to its costs
What does the definition of Quality of Life tells us?
So how to measure the benefits of health care in terms of quality of life, in relation to its costs
How to measure quality of life form a clinical point of view?
- Choose items
o Are you able to walk one kilometer ?
o Do you feel depressed ? - Choose response mode
o Binary
o Multiple (Likert)
o Continuous (Visual Analogue Scale) - Combine items to dimensions of quality of life
o Sum up the items belonging to one dimension
o Rescale sum on a scale from 0 to 100
Item selection
- Lots of freedom
o Andrews & Withey, 1976 - But….
o Items needs to be related to quality of life
o Needs to be health related
o The questionnaire format is fixed
o The patient fills in the questionnaire
o The are several dimensions
Conclusion definition quality of life
- There is no final definition of quality of life
- Quality of life is operationally defined
o Using questionnaires - Using questionnaires quality of life measures are scientifically solid
o Reproducible
o Objective measurement - Items selection is free
o Complicates transparancy
SDM has been defined as:
‘An approach where clinicians and patients share the best available evidence when faced with the task of making decisions, and where patients are supported to consider options, to achieve informed preferences.’ (Elwyn et al. 2012, p.1361)
* Exploring what matters most to/has the most value to patients
How to do SDM
* Three step model (Elwyn et al. 2012):
o Introducing choice = most patient don’ t know that they have options. The provider must make it clear to patients that they have choices.
o Describing options = caregivers must inform their patients on what the treatments are and what they do. proper information to make a choice.
o Helping patients to explore preferences and make decisions
* SDM: often said to give more autonomy to patients but this is very much relational
Decision aids:
aim to support the decision-making process based on evidence (more on this tomorrow)
What type of evidence? –> decision aids
- Decision aids often based on clinical EBM (evidenced based medical) guidelines
- To ensure patient centeredness focus on including Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMS): included in VBHC
Performativity of numbers: what do the numbers do? (Essen & Oborn 2017)
- Dominant idea: numbers represent an objective reality and thereby have authority
- Numbers are performative: they construct reality, e.g. by determining what is important
- Numbers construct boundaries between disease and life
- Numbers frame action
Creating boundaries
- Patients describe their disease as a mystery: difficult to articulate when they are doing better or worse
- Registries (incl. PROM questionnaires) do not always capture lived experience
- Registries disciplined patients and doctors:
o Determine what is important and as a result provide information on how patients are doing
o Set boundaries between disease and the rest of patients’ lives and therefor what is considered part of the responsibility of doctors and what not
Framing action
- Numbers construct illness as active to different degrees which has consequences:
o who gets what type of drugs?
o how inclined to become an active self-manager are you as a patient? - What role should numbers play in managing illness?
o numbers vs patient stories
o using numbers to make your story
Critique on SDM with a focus on choice and numbers (Mol 2009)
- SDM focus on numbers and choice in standardized trajectory neglects:
o Uncertainties in care trajectories
o Searching character of much (chronic) care
o Lack of identifiable moments of ‘choice’ - Need to focus on the art of Medicine: tinkering
Critique on SDM with a focus on choice and numbers (Mol 2009)
- SDM focus on numbers and choice in standardized trajectory neglects:
o Uncertainties in care trajectories
o Searching character of much (chronic) care
o Lack of identifiable moments of ‘choice’ - Need to focus on the art of Medicine: tinkering
The power of a good dashboard
Dashboard development clear objectives:
- Monitoring - of quality of life
- Detecting - abnormalities and complaints in ONE CLEAR visualization
- Discussing - results with the patient
- Empowering - patients – insight in their functioning, course and in relation to peers