Vasodilators Flashcards

1
Q

Nipride MOA

A

Decreases Preload, Afterload and Peripheral vascular resistance by metabolism to Nitric Oxide

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2
Q

Nipride Dose

A

Starting Dose: 0.5 mcg/kg/min
Rarely exceeds 3 mcg /kg/min
Max 10 mcg/kg/min for no more then 10-15 min

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3
Q

Nipride

A

May Increase Dead Space R/T decrease pulmonary artery pressure

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4
Q

Nipride

A

Mixed in D5
Protected from light R/T decomposition
Always use a pump and have an A line

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5
Q

Nipride Duration

A

1-3 min after drug termination

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6
Q

Nipride Uses

A

Emergent BP control
Hypotensive techniques
Treatment of pulmonary edema

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7
Q

Nipride Onset

A

Seconds

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8
Q

Nipride can cause??

A

Cyanide Toxicity: Tachyphylaxis
Methemoglobinemia
Increased ICP
Metabolic Acidosis

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9
Q

Cyanide Toxicity Treatment?

A

3% Sodium Nitrate– 5 mg/kg over 5 min
Methylene Blue 1-2 mg/kg of 1% solution over 5 min (SPO2 will not work while administering)
Sodium Thiosulfate 150 mg/ kg over 15 min

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10
Q

Nitroglycerine use to treat?

A

Angina, HTN, MI ischemia,

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11
Q

Nitroglycerine MOA?

A

Relaxes vascular smooth muscle with venous pooling

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12
Q

Nitroglycerine metabolized to?

A

NO (Nitric Oxide) a potent vasodilator

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13
Q

Nitroglycerine cardiac effects

A

Decreases Preload
Decreases L end-diastolic pressure
Decreases myocardial O2 demand
Increases endocardial perfusion

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14
Q

Nitroglycerine other effects

A

Relaxes bronchial smooth muscle, uterine relaxation, and relaxation of the sphincter of oddi

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15
Q

Nitroglycerine special concerns

A

Glass bottle, special tubing and can cause headaches.

Not as potent as Nipride

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16
Q

Nitroglycerine Dose

A

0.5-10 mcg/kg/min
Small boluses of 50 mcg if BP is high
SL dose 0.4 mg peaks in 4 min

17
Q

Hydralazine MOA

A

Actually unknown it may work on Nitric Oxide or K+ Channels causing arterial smooth muscle relaxation

18
Q

Hydralazine Side Effects

A

Tachycardia (good choice for hypertensive bradycardic Pts

19
Q

Hydralazine Dose

20
Q

Hydralazine Onset

A

up to 15 min

21
Q

Hydralazine Duration

22
Q

Hydralazine

A

Used in Pregnancy Induce HTN

23
Q

Mixing Hydralazine

A

20 mg per cc. mix with 3 cc NS in a 5 cc syringe. Each cc = 5 mg

24
Q

Adenosine

A

Potent vasodilator effecting the afterload

25
Adenosine
Used for controlled hypotension at a dose of 60-120 mcg/kg/min
26
Adenosine is approved by the FDA for_____ only
SVT
27
Adenosine SVT dosing
1st dose 6mg 2nd Dose 12 mg NO 3rd dose anymore
28
Adenosine can cause
Coronary steal in CAD
29
Adenosine is competitively antagonized by?
Aminophylline
30
Choosing an Antihypertensive consider
``` Preload Afterload Contractility HR Heart Rhythm BP ( specifically MAP) ```