vasculitis

Question 1

what is primary vasculitis

Answer 1

results from an inflammatory response that targets the vessel walls and has no known cause

Question 2

what is secondary vasculitis

Answer 2

triggered by an infection, a drug or a toxin or may occur as part of another inflammatory disorder

Question 3

what are types of large vessel vasculitis

Answer 3

• Takayasu arteritis

- giant cell arteritis

Question 4

what are types of medium vessel vasculitis

Answer 4

polyarteritis nodosa

Kawasaki disease

Question 5

what are some ANCA-assocaited small vessel vasculitis

Answer 5

• microscopic polyangitis
• granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegner)
• eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg Strauss)

Question 6

what is the epidemiology of takayasus arteritis

Answer 6

40 yrs
commoner in females
asian populations

Question 7

what is the epidemiology for Giant cell arteritis

Answer 7

50 yrs
typically causes temporal arthritis - unilateral acute temporal headache, scalp tenderness, temporary visual disturbances/ blindness and/or jaw claudication

Question 8

how do you manage large vessel vasculitis

Answer 8

• 40-60mg prednisolone
• steroid sparing agents may be considered eg leflunamide, methotrexate
• toclizumab

Question 9

what is the pathology of granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Answer 9

Granulomatous inflammation of respiratory tract, small and medium vessels. Necrotising glomerulonephritis common

Question 10

what is the pathology of eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Answer 10

Eosinophilic granulomatous inflammation of respiratory tract, small and medium vessels. Associated with asthma

Question 11

what is the pathology of microscopic polyangiitis

Answer 11

Necrotising vasculitis with few immune deposits. Necrotising glomerulonephritis very common

Question 12

what is the epidemiology of granulomatosis with polyangiitis

Answer 12

• commoner in those of Northern European descent
• male to female ration 1.5 : 1
• 35-55yrs