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Neuroanatomy Test1 > Vasculature > Flashcards

Vasculature Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 parts of the vertebral artery?

A 
cervical
intrapetrosal
intracavernous
Cerebral (intracranial)
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2
Q

What main artery provides anterior circulation to the brain

A

Internal carotid artery

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3
Q

What are the main 7 branches of the Internal Carotid Artery?

A 
Hypophysial Artery
Ophthalmic arteries
Middle cerebral artery
Anterior choroidal artery
Posterior Communicating artery
Anterior Cerebral Artery
Anterior Communicating Artery
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4
Q

What artery supplies subcortical structures in the temporal lobe including the choroid plexus

A

Anterior choroidal Artery

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5
Q

What artery emerges from lateral fissure

A

Middle Cerebral Artery

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6
Q

What artery supplies insula of Reil

A

Middle Cerebral Artery

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7
Q

What artery has cortical branches that supply cortex and subcortical white of the lateral surface of frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes and lateral side of inferior frontal lobe

A

Middle cerebral Artery

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8
Q

What artery is located in the longitudinal fissure?

A

Anterior cerebral Artery

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9
Q

What Artery has cortical branches (gray and subcortical white) supply medial side of frontal and parietal lobes and medial side of orbital surface of frontal lobe (olfactory bulb & tract); corpus callosum

A

Anterior Cerebral Artery

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10
Q

What part of the vertebral artery is non elastic?

A

Fourth part

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11
Q

Before the vertebral artery enters the subarachnoid space at the level of the foramen magnum it must first pierce what membrane?

A

posterior atlanto-occipital membrane

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12
Q

What are the 4 branches of the Vertebral artery?

A

Anterior spinal artery
Posterior spinal artery
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA)

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13
Q

What are the main branches of the Basilar artery?

A 
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA)
Internal auditory artery
Pointing artery
Superior cerebellar artery
Posterior cerebral artery
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14
Q

What artery passes through the tentorial notch?

A

Posterior Cerebral artery

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15
Q

Arteries from the Basilar artery wrap in what direction around the brainstem

A

posteriorly

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16
Q

What artery supplies inferior aspect of temporal lobe (includes hippocampus),
occipital lobe and parts of midbrain

A

Posterior cerebral artery

17
Q

What are the 5 wrap around arteries?

A 
Posterior spinal artery
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery
Superior cerebellar artery
Posterior cerebral artery
18
Q

The wrap around arteries supply what areas?

A

Dorsal lateral areas of their respective sections

19
Q

What arteries supply the Cerebrum?

A

Middle cerebral A.
Anterior cerebral artery
Posterior cerebral artery

20
Q

What arteries supply the cerebellum?

A

Superior cerebellar artery
Anterior inferior cerebellar artery
Posterior inferior cerebellar artery

21
Q

What arteries supply the brainstem?

A

Pantone branches

Anterior spinal artery

22
Q

What are the branches that make up the circle of Willis?

A 
Posterior cerebral artery
Posterior communicating artery
Internal carotid artery
Anterior cerebral artery
Anterior communicating artery
23
Q

What are the branches of the circle of Willis and the proximal part of the middle cerebral artery called?

A

Central (ganglionic/penetrating) branches

24
Q

What are the four groups of the Central (ganglionic/penetrating) branches?

A

Anteromedial
Anterolateral (aka lateral striate or lenticulostriate)
Posteromedial
Posterolateral

25
Q

What do the 4 groups of the Central (ganglionic/penetrating) branches supply

A

they supply diencephalic areas, internal capsule, basal ganglia, and midbrain

26
Q

The internal capsule is supplied by what 3 arteries?

A

Lateral striate (lenticulostriate) branches of middle cerebral artery

Medial striate branch of anterior cerebral artery

Branches of anterior choroidal artery

27
Q

Why does the brain need a constant flow rate of blood?

A

Because brain does not effectively store oxygen or glucose

28
Q

What is it called when arterioles directly controls the contraction of smooth muscle

A

Intra luminary pressure

29
Q

What is the cone range for arterial BP for the brain in terms of global cerebral flow?

A

65 - 140 mmHg

30
Q

What type of Flow varies in response to local neuronal activity and therefore local metabolic demand

A

Regional blood flow

31
Q

What are the 3 main functions of the Blood-Brain Barrier

A

Modulation of the entry of metabolic substrates

Control of ion movements

Prevention of access to the CNS by toxins

32
Q

Brain damaged by hypertension, ischemia, infection, or cerebral tumors causes what?

A

B-B barrier to breakdown

33
Q

What kind of capillaries make up the B-B barrier?

A

Continuous capillaries

34
Q

Endothelial cells in the B-B barrier contain enzymes for what?

A

ion and metabolite transport

35
Q

What are Circumventricular organs?

A

organs have no blood-brain barrier

36
Q

What are the 3 Circumventricular organs?

A

Area postrema
Neurohypophysis
Pineal

Neuroanatomy Test1 (6 decks)

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