Vascular screening

Question 1

Visual inspection

Answer 1

skin- discoloration, thinning, shiny hair loss dry cracked, yellow dermatitis atrophy hyperpigmentation

Veins- distention, varicosities

Edema- soft, hard, pitting

Question 2

Hemosiderin staining

Answer 2

heme proteins stain the skin

Discoloration most frequently seen in patients with venous insufficiency

Question 3

Capillary refill

Answer 3

normal is less than or equal to two seconds

Greater than three seconds indicative of microvascular disease

Question 4

rubor of Dependency

Answer 4

first position- supine elevated lower extremity to 30 to 60° for one minute
-Normal is little to no color change
-Mild occlusive disease pallor within 45 to 60 seconds
-moderate pallor within 30 to 45 seconds
-severe within 25 seconds

Second position - lower extremity in dependency
- Normal lesson 15 seconds with return of normal normal coloration
-Abnormal, which is severe ischemic disease, greater than 30 seconds with darkened red

Question 5

Venous filling time

Answer 5

Observe for emptying of the veins on the dorsum of the foot

observe amount of time needed for veins to refill
5 to 15 seconds normal
Greater than 20 seconds abnormal and indicates arterial disease

Question 6

ankle brachial index

Answer 6

comparison of upper extremity systolic pressure to lower extremity systolic pressure

Ulcer near ankle is a contraindication

Considerations calcified and noncompressible vessels equals a false negative - diabetes

Question 7

ABI interpretation

Answer 7

Greater than 1.2 unreliable

Normal 1.0 to 1.2

Mild obstruction 0.8 to 1

Moderate 0.5 to 0.8

Severe less than 0.5
Refer to vascular specialist
Compression and debridement contraindicated