Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Anatomy > Vascular / Nerves Of Lower Limb > Flashcards

Vascular / Nerves Of Lower Limb Flashcards

1
Q

LUMBAR PLEXUS
Formed by?
Situated in?
Main branches?

A
  • is formed by the anterior rami •
    -It is situated in the posterior part of the Psoas major. •
  • Main branches:
    • Genitofemoral: to skin of the thigh & cremaster
    muscle.
    • Obturator: to medial (adductor) group of the thigh
    . • Femoral: to anterior group of the thigh.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

FEMORAL NERVE -COURSE?

A
  1. From dorsal division of ventral rami
  2. Runs in psoas major muscle
  3. Below inguinal ligament
  4. Enter the thigh it is lateral and posterior to femoral artery
  5. in thigh will give 2 branches ( ant. And post. )
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Anterior branch of femoral nerve supplies?

A

Motor:
Sartorius and pectineus
Sensory:
Skin of anterior and medial thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Posterior branch of femoral nerve supply?

A

Motor:
Quadriceps muscles
Sensory :
Medial aspect of the lower leg = ( saphenous nerve )

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

FEMORAL NERVE INJURY will cause?

A

• Motor loss :
Loss of knee extension

• Sensory loss :
On anterior and medial aspect of thigh

Medial side of lower leg

Medial border of foot upto ball of great toe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sensory loss to medial side of lower leg

Which nerve is injured ?

A

saphenous nerve

femoral

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Obturator nerve

Supplies ?

A

Gracilis, obturator
externus, adductor brevis,
adductor longus and
adductor magnus.

But hamstring part of the
adductor magnus, which
is innervated by the tibial
nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Damage to obturator nerve. Which adductor muscle will skip the lesion ?

A

hamstring part of the
adductor magnus, which
is innervated by the tibial
nerve.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

numbness and paraesthesia on the medial aspect of the thigh and weakness in adduction of thigh

Damage to which nerve?

A

Obturator nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Patient could present with posture and gait problems due to the loss of adduction.

Damage to which nerve ?

A

Obturator nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

management of pain
after lower limb surgery
or for chronic hip pain.

What can we use?

A

Obturator nerve block

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

SACRAL PLEXUS
Formed ?
Site?

A

ventral (anterior)
rami
Site: in front of
piriformis muscle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Sciatic nerve
Origin?
Course?

A
  • From Sacral Plexus
    1. Leaves the pelvis through greater
      sciatic foramen
    2. below piriformis
    3. passes in the gluteal region
    4. posterior compartment of the
      thigh.
    5. Divides into tibial & common peroneal (fibular) nerves in the
      middle of the back of the thigh.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

SCIATIC NERVE

Supplies ?

A

Muscular :
To Hamstrings

Sensory : 
the skin on the 
1. posterior of the thigh
2. Post.  gluteal area,
3. entire lower leg (except for its medial aspect= post branch of femoral nerve )
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

TIBIAL NERVE

Course ?

A
  1. From the sciatic nerve
  2. It travels through the popliteal
    fossa
  3. Accompanied with posterior tibial vessels.
  4. Passes behind the medial malleolus (deep to flexor
    retinaculum)
  5. reach the sole of foot where it divides into 2
    terminal branches, (Medial & Lateral planter nerves ).
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Tibial nerve supplies ?

A

Muscles of
posterior compartment of leg
& intrinsic muscles of sole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

INJURY TO TIBIAL NERVE

Will cause?

A

Muscles paralyzed:
All muscles of back of leg and sole
=

Damage results in loss
of plantar flexion, loss
of flexion of toes and
weakened inversion

Sensory loss :
Whole of the sole of foot

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Damage results in loss
of plantar flexion, loss
of flexion of toes and
weakened inversion

Which nerve is damaged?

A

INJURY TO TIBIAL NERVE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

COMMON PERONEAL (FIBULAR) NERVE

Course?

A
  1. As the sciatic nerve
  2. Leaves popliteal fossa
  3. turns around the lateral aspect of neck of fibula, (dangerous position).
  4. Divides into 2 nerve
  5. Superficial peroneal and Deep peroneal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q 
COMMON PERONEAL (FIBULAR) NERVE 
Supply?
A

Superficial peroneal :
to supply the Lateral
compartment of the leg.

Deep peroneal :
to supply the Anterior
compartment of the leg.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

INJURY TO COMMON PERONEAL NERVE?

A

Muscles paralyzed :
Anterior and lateral muscles of leg
=
Deformity = foot drop

Sensory loss:

  1. Anterior and lateral side of leg
  2. Dorsum of foot and digits
  3. Medial side of big toe
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

INJURY TO COMMON PERONEAL NERVE

Which condition?

A

foot drop

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Damage to the Superficial peroneal Nerve

A
  1. result in a loss of eversion.
  2. loss of sensation over:
    dorsum of the foot and the anterolateral aspect of the
    lower leg could also result.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Damage to Deep peroneal nerve

?

A 
paralysis of
the muscles in the
anterior compartment of
the leg, and so a patient
loses the ability to
dorsiflex the foot.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

pain along the sensory

distribution of the sciatic nerve. ?

A

SCIATICA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Pain is felt at • . Posterior aspect of thigh • Posterior and lateral sides of leg • Lateral part of foot

Which condition?

A

SCIATICA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Causes of sciatica ?

A

Causes • Prolapse of intervertebral disc • Intra pelvic tumor • Inflammation of sciatic nerve

28
Q

Branches of internal iliac artery

?

A

1- Superior gluteal artery

  • Leaves the pelvis through greater sciatic foramen above piriformis
  • Accompanies sup. gluteal nerve supplies the gluteal muscles

2-Inferior gluteal artery

  • Leaves the pelvis through greater sciatic foramen
    below piriformis.
  • Accompanies Inf. gluteal nerve and supplies mainly
    gluteus maximus.
  • Gives an artery to sciatic nerve.

3- Obturator artery
Enters the medial compartment of thigh through the obturator canal  Accompanies obturator N. and supplies adductor muscles.

29
Q

supplies adductor muscles.

Which artery?

A

Obturator artery

30
Q

Gives an artery to sciatic nerve. ?

A

Inferior gluteal artery

31
Q

supplies mainly
gluteus maximus.
Which artery ?

A

Inferior gluteal artery

32
Q

supplies the
gluteal muscles.

Which artery ?

A

Superior gluteal artery

33
Q

External iliac artery give ?

A
  1. Femoral artery
  2. Popliteal artety
  3. Divides into anterior & posterior tibial arteries
  4. Anterior tibial artery gives :
    - A recurrent branch
    - Muscular branches.
    - anterior medial malleolar artery and an anterior lateral malleolar artery
    =
Dorsalis pedis artery 
Branches : 
- Medial tarsal artery 
- Lateral  tarsal artery 
- Arcuate artery (gives dorsal metatarsal and digital branches) 
- First dorsal metatarsal artery
 Posterior tibial artery - Circumflex fibular artery  - Peroneal (fibular) artery  =

Medial plantar artery:

Lateral plantar artery
(Forms deep plantar arch with dorsalis pedis artery )

34
Q

It is a continuation of external iliac artery after passing under the inguinal ligament at the midinguinal point.
Which artery ?

A

Femoral Artery

35
Q

Femoral Artery

Course ? Termination ?

A
  • It passes vertically through the femoral triangle and then continues down in the adductor canal
  • leaves the canal by passing through the adductor hiatus in the adductor magnus muscle and becomes the popliteal artery behind the knee.
36
Q

Branches of the Femoral Artery ?

A

I. Four small branches:

  1. Superficial epigastric a.
  2. Superficial circumflex iliac a.
  3. Superficial external pudendal a.
  4. Deep external pudendal a.

II. Deep artery of the thigh (profunda femoris):

lateral and medial circumflex
femoral branches
three perforating
branches.

37
Q

It is the major source of blood supply to
the thigh.

Which artety ?

A

Deep artery of the thigh (profunda femoris):

38
Q

Deep artery of the thigh (profunda femoris):

Course ?

A

passes under the adductor longus
Muscle, eventually penetrating through
the adductor magnus to connect with
branches of the popliteal artery behind
the knee

39
Q

Trochanteric anastomosis
Site ?
Arteries ?
Function?

A

Site : near the trochanteric fossa Contributing arteries: 1. Ascending branch of the medial circumflex femoral A. 2. Ascending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral A. 3. Branches from the superior gluteal A. 4. Branches from the inferior gluteal A. Function: Main supply of the neck of the femur Anastomosis between the internal and external iliac arteries

40
Q 
Cruciate
 anastomosis 
Site ? 
Arteries ? 
Function?
A

Site : back of the thigh Contributing arteries: 1. Transverse branch of the medial circumflex femoral A. 2. Transverse branch of the lateral circumflex femoral A. 3. Descending branch from the inferior gluteal A. 4. Ascending branch of the first perforating A. Function: Anastomosis between the internal and external iliac arteries

41
Q

Continuation of femoral artery at the adductor hiatus
?
Which artery ?

A

Popliteal artery

42
Q

is the deepest structure in popliteal fossa

?

A

Popliteal artery

43
Q

Popliteal artery

Course/ termination ?

A

It is the deepest structure in popliteal fossa
 it passes under the tendinous arch of the
soleus muscle to enter the deep region of
the posterior compartment of the leg.

Termination:
Divides into anterior & posterior tibial arteries at Lower border of popliteus muscle

44
Q

Popliteal artery

Branches ?

A

Branches:  Two sural branches to muscles of the

superficial group of the back of the leg  5 genicular branches to knee joint

45
Q

Originate from the popliteal A and passes into the anterior compartment of the leg through an aperture in the interosseous membrane.
?

A

Anterior tibial artery

46
Q

Anterior tibial artery

Course?

A

It descends on the interosseous membrane.
 In the distal leg, It leaves the leg by passing deep
to extensor retinaculum and continues onto the
dorsal aspect of the foot as the dorsalis pedis A.

47
Q

Anterior tibial artery

Branches ?

A

Branches
1. A recurrent branch , which connects with the
anastomotic network of vessels around the knee joint.
2. Muscular branches.
3. An anterior medial malleolar artery and an
anterior lateral malleolar artery , which share in ankle anastomosis.

48
Q

Posterior tibial artery

Course? Termination?

A

Descends in posterior compartment of the leg. -Passes deep to flexor retinaculum.

Midway between medial malleolus and calcaneus as it will divide into medial & lateral plantar arteries

49
Q

Posterior tibial artery

Branches ?

A

Branches: • Circumflex fibular artery: Winds around neck of fibula • Peroneal (fibular) artery: Supplies both posterior and lateral compartments of the leg.

50
Q

Continuation of ant. tibial artery midway between 2 malleoli ?

A

Dorsalis pedis artery

51
Q

Dorsalis pedis artery

Course? Termination?

A

Course: • Runs on dorsum of foot • Enters sole of foot through between the
two heads of the first interosseous muscle
as deep planter artery. Termination: Joins the deep plantar arch in sole of foot

52
Q

Dorsalis pedis artery branches ?

A

Medial tarsal artery • Lateral tarsal artery • Arcuate artery (gives dorsal metatarsal and
digital branches) • First dorsal metatarsal artery

53
Q

Medial plantar artery

Origin ? Course? Btranches ?

A

Origin: Posterior tibial artery Course and branches: • Gives a deep branch • Runs the 1 st layer of the sole • joins the digital branch of the deep planter arch,
which supplies the medial side of the big toe

54
Q

Lateral plantar artery

Origin? Course? Branches?

A

Origin: Posterior tibial artery Course and branches: • Runs between muscles of 1 st and 2nd layers of sole • Forms deep plantar arch with dorsalis pedis artery • Gives plantar metatarsal and digital branches

55
Q

They generally follow the arteries
(femoral, superior gluteal, inferior gluteal,
and obturator).

Type of vein/

A

The deep veins

56
Q

great saphenous vein and
the small saphenous vein.
• They are in the subcutaneous connective
tissue.

Type of vein ?

A

The superficial veins

57
Q

connect the superficial and deep veins

Type of vein ?

A

perforating veins

58
Q

Union of the anterior & posterior tibial veins

?

A

Popliteal vein

59
Q

Popliteal vein

Course? Termination? Tributaries ?

A

Course: One of the popliteal fossa contents Termination: Continues as the femoral vein at adductor hiatus Tributaries: Small (short)saphenous vein

60
Q

Continuation of popliteal vein at the
adductor hiatus
?

A

Femoral vein

61
Q

Femoral vein

Course / termination tributaries ?

A

Course:
 In the adductor canal, it lies posterolateral
to the femoral artery.
 In the femoral triangle, It lies medial to
the femoral artery in the femoral triangle. Termination:
Continues as external iliac vein behind the
inguinal ligament
Tributaries:
- Great saphenous vein
- Profunda femoris vein

62
Q

Begins from medial end of the dorsal venous arch on the dorsum of the foot. ?

A

Great saphenous vein

63
Q

Great saphenous vein

Course? Termination?

A

Course:
Ascends in front of medial malleolus in close relation with saphenous nerve. Then posteromedial to knee Then along the anteromedial part of the thigh to pierce the cribriform fascia
Termination: In femoral vein

64
Q

Begins from lateral end of the dorsal venous arch on the dorsum of the foot

A

Small saphenous vein

65
Q

Small saphenous vein

Course ? Termination ?

A 
Course:
• Ascends  behind  lateral
malleolus.
• Then  in  the  midline  on
gastronemous.
Termination:
In popliteal vein

Anatomy (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions