Back Muscles

Question 1

BACK MUSCLES 3 groups (in layers) with different functions?

Answer 1

A. SUPERFICIAL LAYER - move upper extremity (arm) B. INTERMEDIATE LAYER- Respiratory muscles (insert to ribs) C. DEEP LAYER - move trunk and back

Question 2

SUPRERFICIAL GROUP OF BACK MUSCLES?

Answer 2

Includes two sets of muscles:  Muscles connecting vertebral
column to scapula (move scapula
through shoulder girdle joints) &
include:
column to humerus (move humerus through shoulder joint), & include:
• Latissimus dorsi.
1. Trapezius.
2. Levator scapulae. 3. Rhomboid minor. 4. Rhomboid major.

Muscles connecting vertebral column to humerus ( move humerus through shoulder joint )
Latissimus Dorsi

Question 3

Muscles connecting vertebral
column to scapula (move scapula
through shoulder girdle joints) &
include?

Answer 3

1. Trapezius.

2. Levator scapulae. 3. Rhomboid minor. 4. Rhomboid major.

Question 4

Muscles connecting vertebral column to humerus ( move humerus through shoulder joint )

Answer 4

Latissimus Doris

Question 5

TRAPEZIUS

Origin ? Insertion ? Actions? Innervation nerve?

Answer 5

Origin: Skull - External occipital protuberance Ligamentum nuchae Vertebrae - spines of C7, T1-T12 Insertion : Clavicle - lateral 1/3; Scapula - acromion and spine Actions: Elevates (upper fibers) and Depresses (lower fibers) Shoulder Retracts scapula
Innervation: Accessory nerve(cranial nerve 11)

Question 6

Latissimus dorsi

Origin ? Insertion? Action? Nerve supply?

Answer 6

Origin: spines of the lower
six thoracic vertebrae • Insertion: bicipital groove of
humerus. • Action: extends, adducts
and rotates the arm
medially • Nerve supply:
Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 7

Levator scapulae

Origin ? Insertion? Action? Nerve supply?

Answer 7

• Origin:transverse
processes of C1-C4
vertebrae
• Insertion
  medial border of the scapula
• Action: elevates the
scapula
• Nerve supply: Dorsal
scapular nerve (C5)

Question 8

Rhomboid major and minor

Origin ? Insertion? Action? Nerve supply?

Answer 8

Origin: : thoracic spines Insertion: medial border of scapula. Nerve supply: dorsal scapular nerve. Actions: Retraction of scapula.

Question 9

Intermediate Extrinsic Muscles

For which muscles? Innervated by? And groups?

Answer 9

Respiratory muscles. • Innervated by ventral
(anterior) rami. • Serratus posterior
group:
Serratus
posterior superior.
Serratus
posterior inferior.

Question 10

Back muscles

attached to & moves ribs,
supplied by anterior rami of spinal nerves . ? Which group?

Answer 10

Intermediate group

Question 11

Back muscles
Superficial group
Origin ? Insertion? Action? Nerve supply?

Answer 11

Origin: vertebral column. - Insertion: scapula (EXCEPT latissimus dorsi:

humerus) .
- Action: moves scapula (EXCEPT latissimus dorsi: moves humerus).
- Nerve supply: anterior rami of spinal nerves through brachial plexus (EXCEPT trapezius: 11 th cranial nerve).

Question 12

Called muscles of the back

proper. ?

Answer 12

Deep Muscles of the Back

Question 13

All are supplied by the
posterior primary rami of
spinal nerves. ( dorsal )

Answer 13

Deep Muscles of the Back

Question 14

Act to maintain posture and
control movement of the
vertebral column.
?

Answer 14

Deep Muscles of the Back

Question 15

Splenius

Deep Muscles of the Back which gr?

Answer 15

1st

Question 16

Erector Spinae: Iliocostalis
Longissimus Spinalis

Deep Muscles of the Back which gr?

Answer 16

2nd

Question 17

Transversospinal:
Multifidus
Rotatores Semispinalis

Deep Muscles of the Back which gr?

Answer 17

3rd

Question 18

Auscultatory Triangle

Boundaries ?

Answer 18

latissimus
dorsi, trapezius, and
medial border of
scapula.

Question 19

Auscultatory Triangle

Clinical anatomy?

Answer 19

Site where breath
sounds are most easily
heard with a
stethoscope.

Question 20

Lumbar Triangle boundaries?

Answer 20

latissimus
dorsi, posterior border
of external oblique
muscle of the abdomen,
and iliac crest.

Question 21

Lumbar Triangle clinical anatomy ?

Answer 21

Site of an abdominal
hernia; or where pus
may emerge from the
abdominal wall.

Question 22

Superficial group insertion ?

Answer 22

scapula (EXCEPT latissimus dorsi:

humerus).

Question 23

Superficial group action?

Answer 23

moves scapula (EXCEPT latissimus dorsi: moves humerus).

Question 24

Superficial group nerve supply ?

Answer 24

Nerve supply: anterior rami of spinal nerves through brachial plexus (EXCEPT trapezius: 11 th cranial nerve).

Question 25

If trapezius wins damaged which action can still be done ?

Answer 25

Retraction of scapula by Rhomboid major and minor