Vascular Lab Flashcards
What are SVS guidelines for US measurement of the aorta?
Outerwall to outerwall
What does loss of respiratory variation and continuous flow in the common femoral veins indicate?
high grade IVC stenosis or caval occlusion
What is the maneuver for evaluation of popliteal artery entrapment?
Duplex of pedal vessels with with active plantar flexion
What does the SVS recommend for ultrasound measurement of the abdominal aorta?
Outer wall to outer wall
What is the axial resolution at the level of the aorta on ultrasound?
1-2mm
What are the risk factors for pseudoaneurysm development?
Female, obesity, calcified vessels, large sheaths, anticoagulation, and therapeutic rather than diagnostic
Where does do carotid body originate from and what do they do?
originate from neuro crest cells and monitor O2, pH, and Co2
What is the shamblin classification for carotid body tumors?
Class 1- small, can be dissection from adventitial plane
Class 2-partially surround the carotid artery
Classe 3-encircles the bifurcation
What nerves can carotid body tumors involve?
hypoglossal, glossopharyngeal, recurrent laryngeal, spinal accessory, or sympathetic chain
What are the findings in pseudoaneurysm?
ecchymosis, hematoma, pulsatile and painful mass, bruit, weakness or paresthesia secondary to nerve compression
What are the treatment options for pseudoaneurysms?
open repair, thrombin injection, ultrasound guided compression, stent placement, or coil embolization
What pseudoaneurysm factors make it more likely to be treated by thrombin injection?
small to medium size pseudoaneurysm with long narrow necks
What is the doppler shift equation?
Change in frequency = (2 x frequency x velocity of RBCs x cosine angle)/propagation speed of ultrasound in tissue
What duplex renal findings indicated >60% stenosis?
PSV 200 cm/sec or higher and ratio of 3.5 or greater. Aortic velocity has to be at least 50 cm/sec and in a non aneurysmal aorta
The penetration of intravascular ultrasound is…
Inversely proportional to ultrasound frequency. So the lower the frequency the deeper the penetration
Where are the blood pressure cuffs placed with 4 cuff segmental pressures?
Cuff at the ankle, proximal leg, above the knee thigh, and high thigh
What is the advantage of the four cuff technique?
evaluation SFA stenosis
How do you start the measurements with segmental pressures?
Start from distal to proximal
What is the provocative maneuver for evaluating TOS
arm abduction at 170 degrees with complete loss of arterial flow
Is cystic adventitial disease more prevalent in men or women?
5:1 in men
What sign do you see with cystic adventitial disease that is eccentric vs concentric?
scimitar sign for eccentric and hour glass sign with concentric
What are the criteria for iliac artery restenosis?
Velocity > 200 cm/sec, PSV ratio of >2, monophasic CFA waveform, decreased in ABI >0.15 and recurrence of claudication symptoms
What studies have comparable accuracy of detecting
>60% renal artery stenosis?
CTA and duplex
What renal artery duplex findings would make one consider intervention for renal artery stenosis?
RRI
