Vascular Endothelium

Question 1

Layers of blood vessel

Answer 1

Tunica:

• intima
• media
• adventitia

Question 2

Capillaries structure

Answer 2

Layer of endothelium with pericytes and basement membrane

Question 3

Types of vessels

Answer 3

Fenestrated - kidney glomerulus, GI

Discontinuous - liver, marrow sinus

Question 4

Control of endothelium

Answer 4

Vascular tone
Angiogenesis
Permeability
Inflammation 
Haemostasis and thrombosis

Question 5

Endothelial homeostasis

Answer 5

Anti inflammatory
Anti thrombotic
Anti proliferation when resting

Question 6

Pathogenesis of atherosclerosis

Answer 6

Endothelium permeability
Lymphocyte migration and adhesion
Foam cell formation 
Macrophage accumulation 
Necrotic core formation 
Angiogenesis

Question 7

Atherosclerosis mechanism

Answer 7

Leukocyte recruitment
Endothelium permeability
Shear stress
Angiogenesis

Question 8

Atherosclerosis pathogenesis

Answer 8

Leukocyte migration, leukocyte adhesion, endothelial increase in permeability

Foam cell formation from macrophage migration

Macrophage accumulation, formation of necrotic core, angiogenesis

Question 9

Marker for endothelial injury

Answer 9

Circulating endothelial cells