Vascular Disease Flashcards
adrenal tumor –> catecholamines
Pheochromocytoma
Adrenal cortex tumor –> corticosteroid
Cushing’s Syndrome
Adrenal cortex tumor –> aldosterone
Conn Syndrome
–> thyroxin –> inc BMR (inherent vasoconstriction)
Hyperthyroidism
Calcific deposits within the media of medium sized arteries without luminal comprimise
Monckeberg Medial Sclerosis
- Atherosclerosis –> destruction of intima and media
- Pulsatile mass
- MOST COMMON
Athersclerotic Aneurysm (Abdominal Aortic)
- Destroying of the vasa vasorum (or aorta) leads to scarring and loss of elasticity of the vessel wall
- Favors atherosclerosis of aortic root which weakens and leads to valve imcompetence and HF
- Causes a brassy dry cough
Syphilitic Aneurysm
- Small, spherical dilations of the cerebral vessels - circle of Willis
- Caused by congenital weak vessel wall, or atherosclerosis with hypertension
Berry Aneurysm
- Large MI leads to thinning and silating of the heart wall which pulsates
- May rupture or develop a mural thrombus that may embolize
- Found in LV
Ventricular Aneurysm
- Caused by Hypertension or Cystic Medial Degeneration, typified by Marfan Sx
- Fibrilin is mutated, elastic fibers fragmentated and can’t coordinate movements, which weakens the media causing dissection and death
- Blood enters a tear in the intima in the aortic arch and dissects through the media causing intense chest pain
- Rupture throught the adventitia is fatal
Aortic Dissection
What does c-ANCA target?
proteinase-3
What does p-ANCA target?
myeloperoxidase
What is the most important sequellae of Kawaski Disease?
Can develop Arteritis of Coronary arteries
Pain in calf during squeezing or dorsiflexion of foot
Homan sign (Thrombophlebitis)
Migratory thrombophlebitis with carinomas especially of pancreas and lung due to hypercoagulability
Trousseau sign
- Opportunistic bacterial inf. in immunosuppresed pts
- caused by Bartonella genus
- Vascular growths of skin, bone, brain, etc.
Bacillary Angiomatosis (Reactive Growth)
- Most common ectasias; known as a birthmark
- Flat lesion of HandN; most regress
-
Port Wine Stain
- Form that grows with child without regression; often thickens
- Occasionally assoc. with Sturge-Weber Sx
Nevus Flammeus
What is the most common site of Lymphangioma?
Tongue - vesicular appearance - frog eggs
Large lymphangioma in the neck that may obstruct the airway.
Cystic hygroma
- Painful tumor from modified SMCs of the glomus body
- Most commonly occurs in the hands
Glomus Tumor (Benign Neoplasms)
- Malignant endothelial neoplasm of older adults
- Most often on skin, soft tissue, breast, and liver
- Liver lesions assoct. with carcinogen exposure
- Can aire in setting of lymphedma
Angiosarcoma
- Autosomal Dominant
- Vascular malformations (dilated capillaries and veins) present from birth on skin and mucous membranes
- Can casue serious epitaxis; GI bleeding or hematuria
HHT (vascular ectasias)
