Vascular Buzz Words

Question 1

Temporal (Giant Cell) Arteritis

Answer 1

Granulomatous vasculitis

Question 2

Main artery involved in Temporal Arteritis

Answer 2

branches of carotid

Question 3

main complication you are worried about with Temporal Arteritis

Answer 3

blindness (ophthalmic artery)

Question 4

What is elevated w/ Temporal Arteritis

Answer 4

ESR > 100

Question 5

Tx for Temp Art, and complication trying to avoid

Answer 5

corticosteroids, avoid blindness

Question 6

Dx of temporal arteritis needs what

Answer 6

biopsy of long segment of vessel

Question 7

Takayasu arteritis - classic epidemiology

Answer 7

young Asian females

Question 8

presentation of Takayasu arteritis

Answer 8

visual and neurologic symptoms

Question 9

pulses weak or absent in upper extremity

Answer 9

Takayasu

Question 10

tx of Takayasu

Answer 10

corticosteroids

Question 11

Polyarteritis Nodosa

Answer 11

necrotizing vasculitis (fibrinoid)

Question 12

polyarteritis nodosa - organ pattern

Answer 12

multiple; lungs are spared

Question 13

HBsAg

Answer 13

lab finding with polyarteritis nodosa

Question 14

‘string-of-pearls’ - b/c of healing of lesions by fibrosis

Answer 14

polyarterosis nodosa

Question 15

Asian children, 4y or younger, erythematous rash of palms and soles

Answer 15

Kawasaki

Question 16

Kawasaki artery involvement

Answer 16

coronary - thrombosis, MI, aneurysm if rupture

Question 17

tx of Kawasaki ***

Answer 17

aspirin and IVIG

Question 18

what do you never give a child with viral illness

Answer 18

aspirin

Question 19

Buerger Disease

Answer 19

smoking

Question 20

ulceration, gangrene, autoamputation of fingers and toes

Answer 20

Buerger Disease

Question 21

Raynaud phenomenon

Answer 21

Buerger disease

Question 22

Wegener Granulomatosis - sites of vasculitis

Answer 22

nasopharynx, lungs, and kidneys

Question 23

mid-age male, sinusitis or nasopharyngeal ulceration, hemoptysis, hematuria

Answer 23

Wegner Granulomatosis

Question 24

c-ANCA

Answer 24

Wegener; elevated serum levels

Question 25

Tx of Wegener

Answer 25

cyclophosphamide

Question 26

Microscopic Polyangiitis - organs involved

Answer 26

multiple, mostly lung kidney

Question 27

Microscopic Polyangiitis - differentiate from Wegener

Answer 27

no nasopharyngeal involvement, no granulomas

Question 28

p-ANCA

Answer 28

Microscopic Polyangiitis - serum levels -->

Question 29

Churg-Strauss syndrome - organs

Answer 29

necrotizing granulomatous - lungs, heart

Question 30

p-ANCA (other on your differential)

Answer 30

Churg Strauss Syndrome - serum levels

Question 31

Churg Strauss - how to differentiate from Microscopic Polyangitis

Answer 31

Churg Strauss - granulomas - asthma - peripheral eosinophilia

Question 32

PALPABLE - this is key, on butt and legs

Answer 32

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura

Question 33

IgA immune complex deposition

Answer 33

Henoch-Schonlein Purpura - cause of vascultitis

Question 34

HTN

Answer 34

> 140/90

Question 35

Primary HTN - risk factors

Answer 35

increased in AfricanAmericans, decreased in Asians, obesity, high salt diet

Question 36

Scondary HTN - cause

Answer 36

renal artery stenosis

Question 37

renal artery stenosis, - JGA responds by secreting renin, which converts Angitotensinogen to angiotensin I, which is converted into angiotensin II by angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) --> what are the effects of angiotensin II

Answer 37

Raise blood pressure 1) contracting arteriolar SM, increasing total peripheral resistance 2) promote adrenal release of aldosterone, which increases resorption of sodium in DCT --> in total blood vol

Question 38

Malignant HTN

Answer 38

> 180/120

Question 39

end organ damage -- acute renal failure, HA, papilledema

Answer 39

Malignant HTN presentation

Question 40

Atherosclerosis - 4 main vessels

Answer 40

abdominal aorta, coronary artery, popliteal artery, internal carotid

Question 41

cholesterol crystals

Answer 41

atherosclerotic emboli, usually due to plaque rupture

Question 42

Hyaline arteriolosclerosis - causes

Answer 42

1) benign HTN 2) diabetes [this is very high yield] will result in chronic renal failure

Question 43

onion skin appearance of artery

Answer 43

hyperplastic arteriolosclerosis

Question 44

calcification of media of muscular arteries

Answer 44

Monckeberg Medial Calcific Sclerosis

Question 45

complication of aortic dissection

Answer 45

pericardial tamponade

Question 46

where does aortic dissection occur

Answer 46

proximal 10 cm of aorta, preexisting weakness of media

Question 47

tertiary syphilis

Answer 47

thoracic aneurysm

Question 48

complication of thoracic aneurysm

Answer 48

aortic valve insufficiency

Question 49

pulsatile abdominal mass that grows with time

Answer 49

abdominal aortic aneurysm

Question 50

hypotension, pulsatile abdominal mass, flank pain

Answer 50

rupture of AAA

Question 51

Hemangioma

Answer 51

benign, blood vessels, skin and liver

Question 52

Angiosarcoma

Answer 52

malignant proliferation of endothelial cells, very aggressive

Question 53

exposure to polyvinyl chloride

Answer 53

liver angiosarcoma

Question 54

purple patches, plaques, nodules on the skin

Answer 54

Kaposi Sarcoma

Question 55

HHV-8

Answer 55

kaposi sarcoma

Question 56

Older Eastern European males, AIDS, transplant recipients

Answer 56

Kaposi Sarcoma