Vascular and neuropathic assessment Flashcards

1
Q

What is the scale used to assess the intensity of pulses?

A

0 = absent
1+ = barely perceptible
2+ = diminished
3+ = normal
4+ = stronger than normal/bounding

Alternatively: 0 = absent, 1+ = diminished, 2+ = normal, 3+ = stronger/bounding

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2
Q

What does a pulse rating of 0 signify?

A

Absent

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3
Q

What does a pulse rating of 3 signify?

A

Normal

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4
Q

What is the purpose of the Doppler test?

A

To detect the presence of blood flow

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5
Q

Describe the procedure for the Capillary Refill Test.

A

Apply light pressure over distal digits for 2-3 sec and observe refill time

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6
Q

What is considered a normal capillary refill time?

A

< 3 sec

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7
Q

What does a capillary refill time of > 3 sec indicate?

A

Microcirculation disease

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8
Q

What is the procedure for the Rubor of Dependency test?

and what is abdnormal finding

A

Elevate foot passively to >30 degrees, hold for 60 sec, then place in dependent position

abnormal - If reperfusion takes 30 sec or longer and/or foot becomes bright red (reactive hyperemia) - indicates LE ischemia

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9
Q

What is a normal response in the Rubor of Dependency test?

A

Foot pinks in 15 sec

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10
Q

What does an Ankle-Brachial Index (ABI) test measure?

A

The ratio of the highest ankle systolic BP to the highest brachial systolic BP

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11
Q

What ABI value indicates severe arterial disease?

A

< 0.6

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12
Q

What does an ABI value > 1.3 indicate?

A

Possible calcified arteries

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13
Q

What is the purpose of the Exercise Stress Test?

A

To determine claudication onset time during exercise

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14
Q

What are the grades of claudication pain?

A

Grade 1: minimal, Grade 2: moderate, Grade 3: severe, Grade 4: excruciating

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15
Q

What does the Pitting Edema Scale assess?

A

Presence and severity of edema

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16
Q

What is a normal venous filling time in Venous fill time test?

what do the abnormal values mean?

A

Veins distend within ~15 sec = normal

  • veins distend < 5 seconds = venous insufficiency
  • veins distend >15 seconds = arterial insufficiency
17
Q

What does the Homan Sign test for?

A

Suspected deep vein thrombosis (DVT)

18
Q

What indicates incompetent valves in the Percussion test?

A

Palpable signal

19
Q

What is the significance of segmental pressures?

A

To evaluate blood flow and identify blockages in leg arteries

20
Q

What is the threshold for adequate healing in toe pressures?

21
Q

What does a TcPO2 value < 20 mmHg indicate?

A

Impaired flow, little to no healing

22
Q

What is the purpose of the Light Touch test in neuropathy examination?

A

To assess sensory integrity

23
Q

What does a response of ‘yes’ or ‘no’ indicate in the Sharp/Dull test?

A

Intact sensory perception

24
Q

What is assessed during the Proprioception/Kinesthesia test?

A

Awareness of joint position

25
Q

What does the 5.07 Semmes Weinstein filament test for?

A

Protective sensation in the foot

26
Q

What is the primary indication for performing a Doppler ultrasound?

A

To listen for audible sounds of blood flow

27
Q

What is the procedure for the Trendelenberg test?

A
  • Mark the dorsal veins as in venous filling time.
  • Pt. supine, leg passively raised to 45 degrees, for ~60 sec to allow veins to empty.
  • Apply tourniquet to proximal thigh to prevent backflow from superficial veins
  • Assist patient to standing after 1 minute.
  • Note dorsal foot vein distention
  • Remove tourniquet after noting foot veins
28
Q

What does a venous filling time of > 20 sec indicate?

A

+ arterial insufficiency

29
Q

What does a quick distention of veins after removing the tourniquet indicate?

A

Incompetence of superficial veins