Variety of life, Adaption and Competition Flashcards
What do we call a logical way of putting organisms into groups
Classification
How are animal and plants grouped
Morphological (physical features)
Physiological features (how their body functions)
Who discovered classification
Carolus Linnaeus
What language is usually a new scientific name given
Latin (or Classical Greek)
What are the five kindoms
Animals Plants Fungi Protoctista (Algae and single cells organisms) Bacteria
In hierarchy to grouping what are the levels called
Taxa
When classified into groups called taxa what is the order
Kingdom Phylum Class Order Family Genus Species
What group can breed and produce fertile offspring
Species
What do we call the un-scientific name which is different in every language
The common name
Who organised the binomial naming system
The international committee
In modern day what is the international committee called
International committee for zoological nomenclature (ICZN)
What are the three domains
Bacteria
Eukaryotes
Archae
What is adaptations
Special features or behaviour which makes an organism well suited to its environment
What do adaptations do
Increase an organisms chance of survival; they are biological solutions to an environmental challenge
Give some adaptations for animals living in a cold environment
Thick coat - insulation
White coat - camouflage against ice and snow
Small ears - reduce heat loss
Large body - reduce heat loss
Large and rough feet - helps movement
Mammals and birds fluff up fur or feathers - traps layer of air (insulator)
Active during day (when it’s warmest)
Give some adaptations for plants
Plants that live in cold climates have difficulty extracting water from the soil (frozen) they lose water throw their leaves so as a result have small leaves (conifers, pine, fur). Some plants like holly have a thick waxy layer to stop water loss, others have thick succulent stems to store water
Give some adaptations for life in water
Animals are streamlined
Animals have fins or webbed feet
Animals have gills instead of lungs
Give some adaptations for flying animals
Wings
Light body or hollow bones
Be able to form a streamlined shape
Give some adaptations to protect organisms form predators
Camouflage Covered with spines/produce bad smells Colourful markings (warning colours) Developed poisons Powerful legs or wings to escape Plants have thorns (roses and cacti) to prevent animals eating them
What are plats grouped into
Flowering and non-flowering types
What are animals grouped into
Vertebrates (with backbone) and invertebrates (invertebrates are not strictly a classification because they share an absence of a feature)
What are microorganisms grouped into
Bacteria
Fungi
Algae
What is predation
Being eaten by other animals in the environment
