Variety Of Life

Question 1

What are the 5 kingdoms of life?

Answer 1

Animals
Plants
Fungi
Protoctists
Bacteria

Question 2

What are the eukaryotic organisms?

Answer 2

Animals
Plants
Fungi
Protoctists

Question 3

What is the prokaryotic organism?

Answer 3

Bacteria

Question 4

Are viruses a living organism?

Answer 4

No

Question 5

DNA (eukaryotic organisms)

Answer 5

In the same form of chromosomes
Found in the nucleus
(Made up of eukaryotic cells)

Question 6

DNA (prokaryotic organisms)

Answer 6

Don’t have a nucleus
DNA is loose in a cell

Question 7

What does multicellular mean?

Answer 7

Each individual organism is made up of loads of cells

Question 8

What is a heterotroph?

Answer 8

Animals get their energy from other organisms
(Plants or other animals)

Question 9

What are the 5 sections of vertebrates?

Answer 9

Fish
Amphibians
Reptiles
Birds
Mammals

Question 10

What does an animal cell contain?

Answer 10

Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane

Question 11

What is an autotroph?

Answer 11

The organism gets their energy from the sun
—> photosynthesis

Question 12

What does a plant cell contain?

Answer 12

Nucleus
Mitochondria
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Chloroplasts
Vacuole

Question 13

Fungi

Answer 13

Mushrooms, moulds - multicellular
Yeast - unicellular
No chloroplasts so it can’t photosynthesise
Heterotrophs/saprotrophs - most fungi feed using saprophytic nutrition
Some fungi can be considered pathogens

Question 14

What does unicellular mean?

Answer 14

Each cell is its own organism

Question 15

What is saprotrophic nutrition?

Answer 15

1) secrete digestive enzymes onto food outside their body
2) wait for the enzymes to breakdown the food
3) and then absorb the broken down nutrients back into their body
—> store food as glycogen
—> basically do digestion outside their body

Question 16

What do some multicellular fungi have?

Answer 16

A body called a mycelium

Question 17

What is a mycelium?

Answer 17

Made up of lots of little thread-like structures called hyphae

Question 18

Why can some fungi be considered pathogens?

Answer 18

Tinea - causes athletes foot

Question 19

Protoctists

Answer 19

Nearly all Protoctists are unicellular
Some can aggregate into larger forms, such as colonies or filaments
Split into 2 main groups: algae, protozao
Only some Protoctists can photosynthesise

Question 20

Which protoctist is pathogenic?

Answer 20

Plasmodium
—> causes malaria

Question 21

Bacteria

Answer 21

Unicellular
Some species can photosynthesise
—> no chloroplasts
Most feed off other living organisms dead organisms
—> called decomposers if they feed on dead organisms
Some have flagellum to move

Question 22

What does a bacteria cell contain?

Answer 22

Cell wall (made of peptidoglycan)
Cell membrane
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm

Question 23

What is the bacteria cell wall made of?

Answer 23

Peptidoglycan

Question 24

What is the bacteria cell’s DNA in the form of?

Answer 24

A single chromosome loop (single circular strand of DNA) and also plasmids
—> contains all the genes they need to survive + reproduce
—> circular chromosome/nucleoid

Question 25

What are viruses coated in?

Answer 25

Protein

Question 26

What is a parasite?

Answer 26

Depend on another organism to grow and reproduce

Question 27

Which 4 are pathogens?

Answer 27

Fungi Protoctists Bacteria Viruses

Question 28

What is a pathogen?

Answer 28

A microorganism that causes disease

Question 29

What is a virus?

Answer 29

A microorganism that causes disease and cannot reproduce without a host

Question 30

How do animals store carbohydrates?

Answer 30

Glycogen

Question 31

What is the plant cell wall made of?

Answer 31

Cellulose

Question 32

What is the fungal cell wall made of?

Answer 32

Chitin

Question 33

How do fungi store carbohydrates?

Answer 33

Glycogen

Question 34

Which group of unicellular organisms may have features similar to animals or plants?

Answer 34

Protoctists

Question 35

What makes an animal cell eukaryotic?

Answer 35

It has a nucleus

Question 36

Name two things animal cells have that bacteria cells don’t have

Answer 36

Nucleus Mitochondria

Question 37

What energy conversion happens in photosynthesis?

Answer 37

Light energy to chemical energy

Question 38

Where in the plant does photosynthesis take place?

Answer 38

The leaf

Question 39

What effect does increasing temperature have on the rate of photosynthesis?

Answer 39

Increases it until the enzymes are denatured

Question 40

What effect does increasing carbon dioxide concentration have on photosynthesis?

Answer 40

Increases it until something else becomes a limiting factor

Question 41

Why do we heat a leaf in ethanol when testing for starch?

Answer 41

To remove chlorophyll

Question 42

How do plants store carbohydrates?

Answer 42

As starch or sucrose

Question 43

Are plant unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 43

Multicellular

Question 44

What type of ‘troph’ are plants?

Answer 44

Autotrophs - get energy from the sun (photosynthesis)

Question 45

Why do plant cells contain chloroplasts?

Answer 45

To carry out photosynthesis

Question 46

What are two types of plants?

Answer 46

Flowering plants (angiosperms) Non-flowering plants

Question 47

Examples of flowering plants

Answer 47

Maize Peas Beans

Question 48

Examples of non-flowering plants

Answer 48

Ferns Mosses Liverworts (All reproduce with spores)

Question 49

Are animals unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 49

Multicellular

Question 50

What type of ‘troph’ are animals?

Answer 50

Heterotrophs

Question 51

What do animal cells not contain?

Answer 51

Cell walls Chloroplasts - not able to carry out photosynthesis

Question 52

Type of animals

Answer 52

Mammals Insects

Question 53

Example of mammals

Answer 53

Humans Dogs Cats

Question 54

Examples of insects

Answer 54

Housefly Mosquito Carerpillar

Question 55

Can fungi carry out photosynthesis?

Answer 55

No

Question 56

What are three multicellular fungi?

Answer 56

Mushrooms Moulds Mucor

Question 57

What is a unicellular fungi?

Answer 57

Yeast

Question 58

Why can’t fungi photosynthesise?

Answer 58

No chloroplasts

Question 59

What type of ‘troph’ are fungi?

Answer 59

Heterotrophs/saprotrophs

Question 60

How do fungi feed?

Answer 60

By saprotrophic nutrition

Question 61

Where can viruses reproduce?

Answer 61

Only reproduce inside living cells (parasite)

Question 62

What are viruses smaller than?

Answer 62

Small particles smaller than bacteria

Question 63

What does the influenza virus cause?

Answer 63

The flu

Question 64

What does the HIV virus cause?

Answer 64

AIDS

Question 65

What are all viruses?

Answer 65

Pathogenic

Question 66

What do viruses infect?

Answer 66

Every type of living organism

Question 67

What do viruses contain one type of?

Answer 67

One type of nucleic acid —> either DNA or RNA

Question 68

Do viruses have a cellular structure?

Answer 68

No

Question 69

How are viruses shaped?

Answer 69

They have a wide variety of shapes and sizes