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Z: AS Psychology (Methodology) > Variables > Flashcards

Variables Flashcards

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1
Q

What are independent variables?

A

Variables we believe will cause a change to another variable

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2
Q

What is the name of the variable that we believe the independent variable will cause a change to?

A

The dependent variable

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3
Q

What is the name of the variable that we believe will cause a change to the dependent variable?

A

The independent variable

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4
Q

What are dependent variables?

A

Variables that we measure

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5
Q

What is the name of the variable that is measured?

A

The dependent variable

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6
Q

If we were investigating if the length of a word affected the number of words recalled, what would be the variable that we would be measuring? (i.e. the dependent variable)

A

The number of words correctly recalled

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7
Q

What are confounding variables sometimes known as?

A

Extraneous variables

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8
Q

What are extraneous variables another name for?

A

Confounding variables

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9
Q

What are confounding variables?

A

Variables that could cause a change to the dependent variable, even though we do not want them to

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10
Q

What, other than independent variables, can cause a change to the dependent variables?

A

Confounding variables

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11
Q

What, other than confounding variables, can cause a change to the dependent variables?

A

Independent variables

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12
Q

What are the two types of variables that can cause a change to the dependent variables?

A

Independent variables and confounding variables

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13
Q

What type of variable may an experimenter want to control because it was not wanted as part of the experiment?

A

Confounding variables

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14
Q

What type of group is exposed to the IV?

A

Experimental group

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15
Q

What type of group is not exposed to the IV?

A

Control group

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16
Q

What is the difference between the experimental group and the control group?

A

Experimental group = exposed to IV

Control group = not exposed to IV

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17
Q

What is the experimental group?

A

Group exposed to the IV

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18
Q

What is the control group?

A

Group not exposed to the IV

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19
Q

What is operationalism?

A

Making a hypothesis (?) measurable and specific

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20
Q

What are the 3 types of variable that psychologists are concerned with in their research?

A

Independent variables, dependent variables, confounding variables

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21
Q

Define the 3 types of variable that psychologists are concerned with in their research.

A
  • Independent variables = Variables we believe will cause a change to another variable
  • Dependent variables = Variables that we measure
  • Confounding variables = Variables that could cause unwanted change to the dependent variable
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22
Q

Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis:

There is a difference in the speed with which people react to visual and auditory stimuli.

A

Type of stimuli (visual or auditory)

23
Q

Identify the dependent variable in the following hypothesis:

There is a difference in the speed with which people react to visual and auditory stimuli.

A

Speed of reaction/reaction time

24
Q

Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following hypothesis:

There is a difference in the speed with which people react to visual and auditory stimuli.

A 
IV = Type of stimuli (visual or auditory)
DV = Speed of reaction/reaction time
25
Q

Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis:

Cannabis affects memory.

A

Amount of cannabis (whether they have it or not)

26
Q

Identify the dependent variable in the following hypothesis:

Cannabis affects memory.

A

Memory

27
Q

Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following hypothesis:

Cannabis affects memory.

A 
IV = Amount of cannabis (whether they have it or not)
DV = Memory
28
Q

Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis:

Bulls will charge more often when presented with a red rag than when presented with a blue rag.

A

Type of rag (blue or red)

29
Q

Identify the dependent variable in the following hypothesis:

Bulls will charge more often when presented with a red rag than when presented with a blue rag.

A

Number of times the bull charges

30
Q

Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following hypothesis:

Bulls will charge more often when presented with a red rag than when presented with a blue rag.

A 
IV = Type of rag (blue or red)
DV = Number of times the bull charges
31
Q

Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis:

First born children learn to speak earlier than second born and subsequent children.

A

Family position; birth order

32
Q

Identify the dependent variable in the following hypothesis:

First born children learn to speak earlier than second born and subsequent children.

A

Time taken for the child to learn to speak

33
Q

Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following hypothesis:

First born children learn to speak earlier than second born and subsequent children.

A 
IV = Family position; birth order
DV = Time taken for the child to learn to speak
34
Q

Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis:

Men drive faster than women.

A

Gender (male or female)

35
Q

Identify the dependent variable in the following hypothesis:

Men drive faster than women.

A

Driving speed

36
Q

Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following hypothesis:

Men drive faster than women.

A 
IV = Gender (male or female)
DV = Driving speed
37
Q

Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis:

Lack of sleep affects learning in 10-year-old boys.

A

Hours of sleep

38
Q

Identify the dependent variable in the following hypothesis:

Lack of sleep affects learning in 10-year-old boys.

A

Learning ability in 10-year-old boys

39
Q

Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following hypothesis:

Lack of sleep affects learning in 10-year-old boys.

A 
IV = Hours of sleep
DV = Learning ability in 10 year old boys
40
Q

Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis:

A baby under 9 months of age will not search for a hidden object

A

Age of baby

41
Q

Identify the dependent variable in the following hypothesis:

A baby under 9 months of age will not search for a hidden object

A

Whether or not they search for an object

42
Q

Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following hypothesis:

A baby under 9 months of age will not search for a hidden object

A 
IV = Age of baby
DV = Whether or not they search for an object
43
Q

Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis:

Social class affects IQ scores.

A

Social class

44
Q

Identify the dependent variable in the following hypothesis:

Social class affects IQ scores.

A

IQ scores

45
Q

Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following hypothesis:

Social class affects IQ scores.

A 
IV = Social class
DV = IQ scores
46
Q

Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis:

It is easier to remember items which are chunked together than it is to remember individual, unconnected items.

A

Whether items are individual or chunked together

47
Q

Identify the dependent variable in the following hypothesis:

It is easier to remember items which are chunked together than it is to remember individual, unconnected items.

A

How well they remember the items (how many they remember)

48
Q

Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following hypothesis:

It is easier to remember items which are chunked together than it is to remember individual, unconnected items.

A 
IV = Whether items are individual or chunked together
DV = How well they remember the items (how many they remember)
49
Q

Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis:

Stressful experiences increase the likelihood of headaches.

A

Number of stressful experiences

50
Q

Identify the dependent variable in the following hypothesis:

Stressful experiences increase the likelihood of headaches.

A

Number of headaches in a period of time

51
Q

Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following hypothesis:

Stressful experiences increase the likelihood of headaches.

A 
IV = Number of stressful experiences
DV = Number of headaches in a period of time
52
Q

Identify the independent variable in the following hypothesis:

Time of day affects alertness

A

Time of day

53
Q

Identify the dependent variable in the following hypothesis:

Time of day affects alertness

A

Alertness

54
Q

Identify the independent and dependent variables in the following hypothesis:

Time of day affects alertness

A 
IV = Time of day
DV = Alertness

Z: AS Psychology (Methodology) (12 decks)

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