Valvular Heart Disease (Johnson) Flashcards
Name the murmur: holosystolic murmur, left lower sternal border with thrill, increases with handgrip
VSD
When does a MR murmur due to MVP increase?
Valsalva and standing
Name the murmur: diastolic murmur, low pitch, rumbling at apex, opening snap
MS
Which murmur grade do we first see a palpable thrill?
4/6
Which murmur is associated with a parvus and trades pulse?
AS
What are some causes of acute MR?
Ischemic papillary muscle
Rupture chordal tendinea
Infective endocarditis
Volume overload
Which murmurs are typically associated with RHD?
MS and TS
Name the murmur: systolic murmur, fixed splitting of S2
ASD
Name the murmur: systolic murmur, crescendo-decrescendo, 2-3 ICS, radiates to left shoulder
PS
Name the murmur: blowing, systolic murmur, 4th ICS, prominent V wave in jugular venous pulse
TR
Name the murmur: systolic murmur, crescendo-decrescendo, harsh 2nd ICS, radiates into sternal notch/carotids, diminished S2
AS
What type of overload does stenosis create? What about regurgitation?
Stenosis creates a pressure overload. Regurgitation creates a volume overload.
What is the two most common causes of AS?
Degenerative calcification and bicuspid aortic valve
Name the murmur: systolic murmur, blowing at apex, radiates into left axilla
MR
What genetic disorders are associated with a bicuspid aortic valve?
Marfans and Turners syndrome
What cardinal sx do we usually see with AS?
Dyspnea, angina, syncope
What sx are associated with acute AR murmur? What about chronic?
Acute: pulmonary edema from IE
Chronic: dyspnea, orthopnea, angina
List the systolic murmurs
MR, TR, AS, PS, VSD, ASD
What are some causes of chronic MR?
MVP
Myxomatous degeneration
Mitral annular calcification
List the diastolic murmurs
MS, TS, AR, PR, atrial myxoma
