Valvular heart disease

Question 1

Stenosis leads to what kind of hypertrophy?

Answer 1

Concentric

Question 2

In concentric hypertrophy, do the myocytes multiply in series or parallel?

Answer 2

Parallel

Question 3

Regurgitation leads to what kind of hypertrophy?

Answer 3

Eccentric

Question 4

In eccentric hypertrophy, do the myocytes multiply in series or parallel?

Answer 4

Series

Question 5

Normal thickness of IV septum?

Answer 5

1 cm

Question 6

Acute vs. chronic regurg.. In this type, you have a loud murmur with no hypertrophy

Answer 6

Acute

Question 7

What two parameters determine the severity of stenotic lesions?

Answer 7

Gradient, CO

Question 8

What two parameters determine severity of stenotic lesions?

Answer 8

Gradient, CO

Question 9

One more time.. What two parameters are gonna tell you about the stenosis?

Answer 9

Gradient (pressure difference between two chambers) and CO

Question 10

Most common cause of mitral stenosis?

Answer 10

Rheumatic fever

Question 11

What heart sounds are you gonna hear in mitral stenosis?

Answer 11

Loud S1; diastolic rumble

Question 12

What kind of heart sounds are you gonna hear in mitral regurg?

Answer 12

Systolic murmur

Question 13

The most common cause of mitral regurg is progression from MVP. What replaces the leaflets in MVP?

Answer 13

Myxomatous tissue

Question 14

Which valve disorder has a murmur that sounds like someone clearing their throat on systole?

Answer 14

Aortic stenosis

Question 15

With aortic stenosis, you are gonna get pulsus tardus and pulsus parvus. What does that mean?

Answer 15

Delayed and weakened arterial pulse

Question 16

Symptoms of aortic stenosis?

Answer 16

SAD: syncope, angina, dyspnea

Question 17

What happens to the preload in aortic regurg?

Answer 17

Increases

Question 18

What happens to the pulse pressure in aortic regurg?

Answer 18

Gets wider

Question 19

Big sign of aortic regurg?

Answer 19

Bounding pulse with head bobbing

Question 20

2 requirements for IE?

Answer 20

Bacteremia, diseased valve

Question 21

MV vegetation can lead to?

Answer 21

stroke

Question 22

TV vegetation can lead to?

Answer 22

pulmonary embolism

Question 23

If you have diseased valve, what should you do before you see the dentist?

Answer 23

Take an antibiotic prophylaxis