Valvular Heart Disease Flashcards
What are the two phases of cardiac cycle?
Systolic (S1 -> S2)
Diastolic (S2 -> S1)
What are the two sounds of the heart
S1 - closure of mitral and tricuspid valves
S2 - closure of aortic and pulmonary valves
From the body to the lungs, in which order does the blood flow?
Body to…
- Right atrium
- Tricuspid Valve
- Right ventricle
- Pulmonary Valve
From the lungs to the body, in which order does the blood flow?
- Left atrium
- Mitral Valve
- Left Ventricle
- Aortic Valve
From start to finish (start at body and end at body) what is the order of blood flow?
- R Atrium
- Tricuspid valve
- R Ventricle
- Pulmonary valve
- LUNGS
- L Atrium
- Mitral Valve
- L Ventricle
- Aortic Valve
10 BODY
repeat
What are heart murmurs
abnormal heart sound generated by dysfunctional valve (stenosis (narrowing) vs insufficiency (leaking))
What are two types of murmurs
- Systolic - SEM or PSM
2. Diastolic - Decrescendo or late
Of systolic murmurs, SEM is associated with which valve?
aortic valve
Of systolic murmurs, PSM is associated with which valve?
Mitral and tricuspid
How can VHD be detected?
- Auscultation - stethoscope
2. Echocardiogram (EKG) - essentially an ultra sound of the heart
VHD - Etiology (3)
- Congenital - present from birth
- Rheumatic
- Degnerative (most common)
VHD - S&S (4)
- Asymptomatic
- Heart Failure
- Angina
- Endocarditis (usually due to IV drug abuse)
- inflammation of the endocardium (interior of the heart)
VHD - Treatment
- Medical management of angina/ heart failure
2. Repair/ replacement of valve
Dental considerations of VHD
- Ask pt if has heart murmur
- On appropriate antibiotics per the AHA guidelines?
- Stress of dental surgery = exacerbate angina/ heart failure
- reversal of anticoagulation
What type of procedure would put a pt in high risk of endocarditis?
Procedures that disturb the mucosa
