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SMLE | Cardiology 🫀 > Valvular HD > Flashcards

Valvular HD Flashcards

1
Q

Mid-late diastolic murmur following Opening Snap

A

Mitral Stenosis

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2
Q

MS worsens with […]

A

Pregnancy 🤰🏼
Tx: balloon valvuloplasty

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3
Q

Most common type of murmur associated with RHD […]

A

Mitral Stenosis

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4
Q

Treatment of Mitral Stenosis :

A

ß- blockers
Diuretics
Anticoagulation (for AF)
Antibiotics (if RHD)

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5
Q

Holosystolic blowing murmur radiates toward axilla :

A

Mitral regurgitation

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6
Q

What are the etiologies of MR?

A

Infections ( RHD / IE )
Infarctions
Ischemia

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7
Q

What are the indications of surgical treatment for MR ?

A

🔘 Acute + hypotension
🔘 Chronic symptomatic
🔘 EF < 60, LVEDP >45

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8
Q

Crescendo-decrescendo ejection murmur radiate to the carotids

A

Aortic Stenosis

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9
Q

How does AS presents like ?

A

Syncope
Angina
Dyspnea

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10
Q

Aortic stenosis is most likely due to […]

A

Age-related calcification
Bicuspid aortic valve (in young pt)

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11
Q

Diminished & delayed carotid upstroke seen with […]

A

AS
“Parvus et tardus”

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12
Q

What is AS treatment :

A

Surgical : replacement/TAVR
🎈balloon do NOT work ..calcified..

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13
Q

[…] left-sided murmur decrease with handgrip

A

AS

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14
Q

Early diastolic, decrescendo blowing murmur

A

Aortic Regurgitation

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15
Q

[…] murmur present with Hyperdynamic pulses like :
- Corrigan pulse 👤
- Quincke pulse 💅🏻
- Durozies sign 🦵🏼
- Muller sign 👄
- De-musset sign 👤

A

AR

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16
Q

AR treatment:

A

ACE-i + CCB + Nitrate
Valve replacement

17
Q

What are the indications of Aortic valve replacement ?

A

EF<55 or LVEDV>55 mmHg
Symptomatic

18
Q

What is the effect of valsava of left-sided murmurs ?

A

🔻Preload
🔻 MR MS AR AS
🔝MVP & HCM

19
Q

What is the effect of squatting on left-sided murmurs ?

A

🔺preload & afterload
🔺 MR MS AR AS
✅ MVP & HCM

20
Q

What is the effect of handgrip on left-sided murmurs ?

A

🔺afterload
🔻 AS & HCM

21
Q

Inspiration
[…] right-sided murmur
[…] left-sided murmur

A

🔺 right-sided murmur
🔻 left-sided murmur

22
Q

Best diagnostic test for murmurs:

A

TransThoracic Echo

SMLE | Cardiology 🫀 (10 decks)

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