HTN

Question 1

Hypertension is BP > […]

Answer 1

Systolic: 130
Diastolic: 80

Question 2

Age of HTN screening […]

Answer 2

19

Question 3

Hypertensive urgency

Answer 3

Severe HTN >180/120
Without acute end-organ damage

Question 4

Hypertensive Emergency

Answer 4

Severe HTN >180/120
With acute end-organ damage

Question 5

End-organ damage from HTN include:

Answer 5

🧠 encephalopathy, stroke
🫀 MI, HF
👁️ retinal hemorrhage, papilledema
🥐 kidney injury
🩸MAHA / 🤰🏼 Eclampsia

Question 6

Treatment of choice for urgent HTN:

Answer 6

Oral agents:
Captopril, Clonidine, Labetalol, Nifedipine

Question 7

Treatment of choice for emergent HTN:

Answer 7

IV infusion:
Esmolol, Labetalol, Nicardipine, Nitroprusside

Question 8

The most important (effective) life style modification for HTN is […]

Answer 8

Weight loss

Question 9

Gold standard test for HTN diagnosis […]

Answer 9

Ambulatory BP monitor

Question 10

The best HTN medication (lower mortality)

Answer 10

Diuretics (Thiazides)

• Hydrochlorothiazides / Chlorothalidone
• Indapamide
• Metolazone

Question 11

Indapamide is a […]

Answer 11

Thiazide Diuretics

Question 12

Thiazide diuretics may lead to […]-K and […] acid-base disturbance

Answer 12

Hypokalemia
Metabolic alkalosis

Question 13

[…] is a good first line agent in african americans with HTN

Answer 13

CCB

Question 14

Choice of antihypertensive drug:
In african american […]

Answer 14

Thiazide or CCB

Question 15

Choice of antihypertensive drug:
In non african american […]

Answer 15

> 55 yrs: CCB
<55 yrs: ACE-i

Question 16

Choice of antihypertensive drug:
HTN + DM

Answer 16

ACE-i
(Protective against diabetic nephropathy)

Question 17

Choice of antihypertensive drug:
HTN + CHF/CAD

Answer 17

ACE-i
🚫ß-b in decompensated HF

Question 18

Choice of antihypertensive drug:
HTN + CKD

Answer 18

ACE-i

Question 19

When is ß-blocker is the answer for HTN

Answer 19

With :
🔸 Essential tremor
🔸 Hyperthyroidism
🔸 Migraine
🔸 Can be as 1st line with CAD (but ACE-i better)

Question 20

What are the indications to STOP ACE-i ?

Answer 20

🚫 HyperK
🚫 Cr > 30%

Question 21

HTN not responsive to medications ?

Answer 21

Secondary HTN

Conn’s
Cushing’s
PheoChromocytoma
Coarctation
Contraceptives
CAH
Renal Artery stenosis

Question 22

Reaistant HTN + unequal size of the kidney
Renal bruit

Answer 22

Renal artery stenosis

Question 23

Resistant HTN + headache, palpitation, swetaing

Answer 23

Pheochromocytoma

Question 24

HTN treatment of pheochromocytoma is […]

Answer 24

a-blocker

Question 25

HTN tx in pregnancy

Answer 25

New Moms Love Hugs
…
Nifedipine
Methyldopa
Labetalol
Hydralazine