Valuation

Question 1

Valuation is used within 2 other ESA-tools

Answer 1

LCA and CBA

Question 2

Valuation/weighting methods

Answer 2

-expert panel
consensus

-relation to standards
political targets

-monetarisation
costs to society for
damage/healt problems

Question 3

In LCA

Answer 3

How important is one impact compared to another?

Question 4

Use values

Non-use values

Answer 4

Use values:

• Market analysis: What do we think its worth to use it?
• Travel cost: What are we willing to pay to get there?
• Regulating value: How much does it cost to remain the same?

Non-use values: (all valued the same)

• To go there in the future
• To exist without seeing it
• Bequest: for the next generation

Question 5

Ex of different ways of measuring cost of deadly outcomes:

Answer 5

Measuring years lost (young lifes more important)

Measuring lost lives (all lives are valued the same)

Question 6

A very important factor in valuation:

Answer 6

The moral factor:

• Are all people equaly important?
• Does future people have a value?
• What is the acological value in relation to economic value?

Question 7

Contingent valuation

Answer 7

Survey based measure, reveles preferences

• Willingnes to pay WTP
• Willingnes to accept WTA

Question 8

Hedonic pricing

Answer 8

Difference in real estate values, relative to differences in environmental characteristics (airport, noise)

Question 9

Market analysis

Answer 9

Value of trade in service, goods, cost to society

Question 10

Standard price aproach

Answer 10

Look at actual cost.

Question 11

Eco-efficiency

Answer 11

Do more with less!

Low costs and low environmental impact
At least impact relative to cost.