Ecodesign /Environmental design

Question 1

The four general phases of the product development process:

Answer 1

1. Planning
2. Conceptual design
3. Embodiment design
4. Detail design

Question 2

The phases include processes such as:

Answer 2

defining needs
planning the structure
operation and appearance
production
distribution
selling

Question 3

Design specifications

Answer 3

The costumers needs translated into precise, measurable detail about what the product has to do.

Question 4

Translate the need “easy to install” into designspecifications

Answer 4

Ex: Avarage instalation time is 75 seconds.

Usually relative to a reference product

Question 5

Describe

• project team
• core team
• extended team

Answer 5

Project team:
The whole team that forms a product
Core team:
The few that can meet in a conference room
Extended team:
100s to 1000s of members, consults, suppliers

Question 6

Two challenges characteristics of ecodesign

Answer 6

Time pressure

Trade-offs

Question 7

Other terms for ecodesign

Answer 7

Design for environment (DfE)
Green product development
Ecological design

Question 8

What is the major tool for ecodesign?

Answer 8

LCA

Question 9

When in the process should ecodesign be used?

Answer 9

As early as possible!

Question 10

When can ecodesign be used exept for product development?

Answer 10

Product improvement - small changes
Product redesign - old concept, new design
Function inovation - new product concept
System inovation - law, infrastructure etc

Mostly the 2 first ones.

Question 11

What two categories of ecodesign tools are there?

Answer 11

Creativity tools

Analytic tools

Question 12

Exemple of creativity tools

Answer 12

Brainstorming
10 golden ecodesign rules
Ecostrategy wheel

Question 13

Exemple of analytic tools

Answer 13

LCA
MET matrix
Others

Question 14

What is “the third” type of tool?

Answer 14

Environmental management systems

Question 15

What is the dilema of using LCA in product development?

Answer 15

In the beginning there is a shortage of data and in the end there is seldom enough time.

Question 16

Mention some simplified LCA methodes

Answer 16

Life cycle influenced matrixes
software tools
rules-of-thumb

Question 17

Two approaches to fill out a MET matrix

Answer 17

Describe environmental impact with short descriptive statements, complement by some quantitative information.

Life cycle design structure matrix (LCDSM) all relevant variables on both x-axis and y-axis.

Question 18

Some rules-of-thumb

Answer 18

LCAs of cars tend to show the the greatest impact is the driving - A change could be reducing weight.

Energy consumption during use phase of house - Insolation of windows, doors etc.

Question 19

3 important things for a complete toolbox

Answer 19

• up-to-date database
• manuals with schemes
• simplified tools

Question 20

What is the purpose of eco design?

Answer 20

To reduce the product’s environmental

impact while optimising the function of the product.

Question 21

The 8 parts of the Eco strategy wheel

Answer 21

1 Optimize the function
2 Reduce impact during use
3 Reduce the amount of materials
4 Select optimal materials
5 Optimize lifespan
6 Optimize production
7 Optimize waste treatment
8 Optimize distribution