RA (ERA) Flashcards
risk assessment
How risky is this situation? What may occur, how severe can it be and how likely is it?
risk management
What shall we do about it? How do we manage this risk?
ERA framework (process)
Hazard identification
Exposure- (PEC) and effect (PNEC) assessment
Risk characterization (RQ)
Risk reduction/management
Source-Fate-Endpoint Casue-Effect Chain
Important step of hazard identification
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Source
Emission
Stressor
Fate processes
exposure routes
Endpoint, receptor
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Emissions where and when?
Where: point-, difuse source
When: Continuous-, block-, peak emissions
Degradation
Halftime
Type of degredation
(energy or oxygen needed?)
May have complex degradation products
Bioconcentration/-accumulation
Accumulation of a chemical in an organism
Biomagnification
Accumulation of a chamical in the food chain
Exposure pathways
Inhalation
Ingestion
Dermal contact
LC50 (LD50)
Lethal concentration (Lethal dose) 50% of population died.
PNEC
NOEC (NOEL)
Predicted no effect concentration
No effect concentration (-level)
PNEC is usually chosen from the lowest found (safest) NOEC
Fate processes
Air Water Ocean floor Soil Vegitation
Degradation
(Degradation products)
Bioaccumilation
Biomagnification
“Goal”
“Risk management”
“Scope”
“Environmental risk from substances on humans and ecosystems”
“Objects”
“Substances”
