validity and reliability

Question 1

Validity and reliability

definitions?

Answer 1

Validity
Ensuring what is being measured is intended

Reliability
Measuring in a onsistent way

Question 2

Interal Consruct validity

Answer 2

Was the procedure an accurate measure?

Could there be other reasons for the results?

Question 3

External population validity

Answer 3

Is the sample representative of the wider population?

Question 4

External ecological validity

Answer 4

Did the experiment resemble real life situations?

Question 5

External criterion validity

Answer 5

Predict future performance

Question 6

Concurrent validity

Answer 6

Does the test correlate with a measure that has previously been validated?

Question 7

Internal reliability

Answer 7

Was the procedure standardised and replicable?

Question 8

External reliability

Answer 8

Was the sample size large enough to suggest a consistent effect?

Question 9

Things that can reduce validity and how to overcome them

Answer 9

Lack of control over extraneous variables - Impose controls
Oder effects with repeated measures design - Counterbalancing
Participant variables with independent measures design - Use a matched participants design
Leading questions - Aviod asking leading questions by planning questions and then going over it with someone
Social desirability bias/ any bias - anonymity
Standard response set - ‘reverse’ some of the items

Question 10

Things that can reduce reliability and how to overcome them

Answer 10

The procedure is not standardised meaning that every participant is tested differently and has different experiences - Have a standardised procedure eg technical equipment
Conducting the experiment once - Replicate the study to see if the same results are found
Observers disagree on what they are observing - Operationalise the behavioural categories in a coding frame to make it clear what the behaviour entails