Validity Flashcards
What does validity mean?
accuracy
What are the 4 types of validity?
face
content
construct
criterion
What is face validity?
whether test appears to measure what is claims to
What is content validity?
Whether the measure covers all aspects of construct
What is the issue with face and content validity?
by making it obvious what you’re asking may lead to social desirability
What is construct validity?
degree to which a test measures construct which it is aimed
has 2 types
What are the 2 types of construct validity?
Convergent
Divergent / discriminant
What is convergent validity?
degree it correlates with other measurements
What is divergent / discriminant validity?
degree it does not correlate with other measurements
What is criterion validity?
whether a test reflects a certain set of abilities
2 types
What are the 2 types of criterion validity?
concurrent validity
predictive
what is concurrent validity?
whether measure correlates with a pre-existing measure of same construct
What is predictive validity?
ability of. test to predict a future outcome
What are the 3 types of validity for a study?
internal
external
ecological
What is external validity?
extent to which results can be generalised to different populations, settings etc.
How would you ensure external validity?
through extending study to new people / situations
use a representative sample
replicate study using new group
What is internal validity?
when we can be confident that manipulating IV affects the DV
What are threats to internal validity?
extraneous variables
order / practice/ fatigue effects
demand characteristics
What is ecological validity?
how much a method of research resembles ‘real life’
if it’s generalisable
What are differential-transfer effects?
The effects of one condition affects participants’ performance in subsequent
Conditions
how do you overcome differential-transfer effects?
overcome by using a between subjects design
What are the different forms of expectancy effects?
participant
experimenter
How do you overcome expectancy effects?
using a double blind procedure
neither know whether it’s drug or placebo for example
What are demand characteristics?
what they believe the experimenter wants/ expects them to do
How can you overcome demand characteristics?
through deception
double blind procedures
between subjects design
