Validity Flashcards
What is validity?
refers to whether a method measures what it claims to be measuring
Why is validity essential?
in order to give confidence in the findings and conclusions.
What is internal validity?
extent to which findings obtained are a direct result of the variable being manipulated (extent to which the IV has caused the DV in an experiment)
What does face validity on require?
intuitive assessment of wether a test appears to be measuring what the researcher intends to measure
When is a test said to be valid?
if a test produces expected results
what is an example of face validity?
if questions on a questionnaire are all related to stress, or a person who feels stressed obtains a high score, the questionnaire had face validity
what is an example of face validity?
if questions on a questionnaire are all related to stress, or a person who feels stressed obtains a high score, the questionnaire had face validity
what does councurrent validity involve?
-assessing if a test used in a current study produces a similar measure of a variable when compared to a previously validated test.
-Participants are given both measures at the same time and the results are compared
When is the test in the current study said to have high concurrent validity?
If the results from the two tests highly correlate (with a correlation co-efficient of at least +0.8)
What is external validity?
-the extent to which findings can be generalised beyond the investigation
to settings, different periods of time, and other groups of people (population validity).
what is ecological validity?
type of external validity and refers to whether the findings can be
generalised from a study to other settings, particularly to real life situations.
what can ecological validity be affected by?
by the environment the study is carried out in (controlled/natural), how the DV was measured and whether the participants know they are being assessed
When may study have low mundane realism (which can lower ecological validity?
the task used to measure the DV is not similar to a task we carry out in everyday life
What is temporal validity?
a type of external validity and is the extent to which findings from a
research study can be generalised to other historical times and eras
How is IV improved?
-Minimise EV’s
-Standardise instead instructions and procedures
-Single blind technique
-Double Blind
-Counterbalance conditions
-Random Allocation
