Vagus Nerve (CNX)

Question 1

somatic sensation supplies?

Answer 1

external acoustic meatus

Question 2

somatic motor supplies?

Answer 2

palate
pharynx
larynx

Question 3

special sensation (taste) supplies?

Answer 3

epiglottis

Question 4

visceral sensation supplies?

Answer 4

thorax

abdomen

Question 5

visceral motor (parasympathetic) supplies

Answer 5

thorax

abdomen

Question 6

course of CNX

Answer 6

leaves the medulla oblongata passes through jugular foramen with CNIX, CNXI and internal jugular vein.
passes posterior to root of the lung hilum to vagal trunks around the oesophagus

Question 7

what branches does the CNX give off before passing posterior to the root of the lung hilum

Answer 7

superior laryngeal branch

recurrent laryngeal branch

Question 8

three phases of deglutition (swallowing)

Answer 8

1. oral phase (voluntary): mastication, bolus manipulation and labial seal
2. pharyngeal phase (involuntary): hyolaryngeal elevation and sequential constrictor contraction
3. oesophageal phase (involuntary): relaxation of UOS

Question 9

what is the hard palate made up of?

Answer 9

left and right maxilla and palatine bones

contains palatal rugae

Question 10

what supplies the hard palate?

Answer 10

pterygopalatine ganglion (secretomotor CNVII and general sensation CNV2)

Question 11

nerve supply for the muscles of mastication

Answer 11

CNV3

Question 12

innervation of the soft palate

Answer 12

CNX

Question 13

how long should the pharyngeal phase take?

Answer 13

less than 1 second to switch from an air to a food channel, facilitated by elevation of soft palate to seal off nasopharynx

Question 14

another name for cricopharyngeus

Answer 14

UOS (CNX)

Question 15

location of the retropharyngeal space

Answer 15

between pre-vertebral fascia and pretracheal fascia

Question 16

what can the retropharyngeal space cause?

Answer 16

spread of infection to the mediastinum

Question 17

location of the parapharyngeal space

Answer 17

parallel to the outside of the pharynx (potential for asymptomatic tumours)

Question 18

what does the pharyngeal plexus innervate?

Answer 18

muscles of the soft palate and pharynx, except tensor veli palatini
(sensory mucosa CNIX and CNX)

Question 19

cough reflex afferent

Answer 19

CNX

Question 20

describe steps in the cough reflex

Answer 20

• sensory stimuli in supraglottis
• glottic closure (lateral cricoarytenoid and arytenoid)
• internal and innermost intercostals and abdominal muscles contract
• glottic release high pressure air

Question 21

articulation of oral sounds

Answer 21

• soft palate tenses CNV3 and elevates CNX to close nasopharynx
• direct stream of air through oral cavity
• sound interrupted by tongue CNXII and teeth and lips CNVII to produce vowels and consonants

Question 22

articulation of nasal sounds

Answer 22

soft palate tenses CNV3 and descends CNX to close oropharynx
direct stream of air through nasal cavity
produce three sounds m, n or ing depending on tongue CNXII, teeth and lips CNVII