vaginal and rectal preparations

Question 1

is rectal drug delivery used for local or systemic action?

Answer 1

both

Question 2

what are some formulations of rectal drug delivery?

Answer 2

suppositories, creams and ointments, enemas

Question 3

where is the drug contained in suppositories?

Answer 3

within a vehicle

Question 4

what are some good vehicle characteristics?

Answer 4

melt at body temp, solidify quickly after melting, easily moulded and removed from mould, be stable when molten, release active ingredient, non toxic and non irritant

Question 5

what are some excipients in suppositories?

Answer 5

viscosity enhancers, lecithin, surfactants, vehicles

Question 6

what are factors that can affect the stability of suppositories?

Answer 6

heat, light and moisture

Question 7

do enemas require melting or dissolution?

Answer 7

no

Question 8

what are the advantages of rectal drug delivery?

Answer 8

oral route may not be available, drug not orally active, avoids problems with GIT absorbtion, avoids first pass systemic action, and rapid local action

Question 9

what are the disadvantages of rectal drug delivery

Answer 9

patient preference, slow and incomplete absorption, local irritation, difficult adminstration, difficult production, storage conditions

Question 10

why do tablets require disintegrants?

Answer 10

due to low moisture content

Question 11

what are advantages of vaginal drug delivery?

Answer 11

drug not orally active, better bioavailabiity for some drugs, avoids problems with GIT absorption, avoids first pass for systemic action. rapid local action and reduced systemic side effects

Question 12

what are the disadvantages of vaginal drug delivery

Answer 12

patient preference, local irritation, staining of underwear, difficult administration, difficult production, pregnancy and applicators, compatibility with condoms

Question 13

how many suppositories should you make as excess?

Answer 13

2-3