Vaginal

Question 1

What type of vaginal discharge is normal?

Answer 1

Transparent, mucous, white/yellowish, 1-4mls per 24hrs

Question 2

What type of discharge is produced in bacterial vaginosis?

Answer 2

Thin, profuse, fishy smelling discharge

Question 3

What type of discharge is produced in a candida infection?

Answer 3

Thick, curd like, white, itchy and sore

Question 4

What type of discharge is produced in a chlamydia infection?

Answer 4

Purulent discharge

Question 5

What type of discharge is produced in a trichamonas infection?

Answer 5

offensive yellow, frothy, itchy, dysuria, abdominal pain

Question 6

What are the investigations to identify the cause of vaginal discharge?

Answer 6

Nucleic acid amplification test
Blood tests - Syphilis
Vaginal pH test

Question 7

What type of cancer is most common in the vagina?

Answer 7

Squamous cell carcinoma

Question 8

What are the risk factors for vaginal cancer?

Answer 8

DES exposure
HPV
Smoking
HIV
Older age

Question 9

What are the signs and symptoms of vaginal cancer?

Answer 9

Vaginal bleeding

Bloody discharge

Question 10

What investigations are used to diagnose vaginal cancer?

Answer 10

Colposcopy
Biopsy
CT Scan
FDG PET
CXR
Cystoscopy, sigmoidoscopy

Question 11

What is a rectocele?

Answer 11

Vaginal wall bulges due to thin wall of tissue that separates rectum from vagina weakening.

Question 12

What are the causes of posterior vaginal prolapse?

Answer 12

Pregnancy
Childbirth
Chronic constipation
Repeated heavy bleeding

Question 13

What are the risk factors for rectocele?

Answer 13

Childbirth
Ageing
Obesity

Question 14

What are the signs and symptoms for a rectocele?

Answer 14

Asymptomatic
Soft bulge of tissue in vagina
Difficulty moving bowels

Question 15

What investigations are used to diagnose a rectocele?

Answer 15

Pelvic exam

MRI/X ray

Question 16

What is the management for a rectocele?

Answer 16

Kegel exercises
Pessary
Surgery

Question 17

What is a bartholins cyst?

Answer 17

Fluid within one of the bartholins glands of the vagina - ducts become blocked

Question 18

What causes a bartholins cyst?

Answer 18

E. coli
MRSA
STIs
Staph Aureus 
Group B strep

Question 19

What are the risk factors for a bartholins cyst?

Answer 19

Previous bartholins cyst
Sexual Activity
History of vulval surgery

Question 20

What are the signs and symptoms of bartholins cyst?

Answer 20

Unilateral labial mass

Soft, fluctuant, non tender

Question 21

What is the treatment for a bartholins cyst?

Answer 21

Incision and drainage

Antibiotics if infection

Question 22

What are the two types of vaginal septum that can occur?

Answer 22

Longitudinal

Transverse

Question 23

What are the signs and symptoms of vaginal septum?

Answer 23

Pain when inserting tampon

Menstrual blood leaks when using tampon

Question 24

What is the treatment for a vaginal septum?

Answer 24

Surgery

Question 25

What is endometriosis?

Answer 25

Endometrial glands present outside the uterine cavity

Question 26

What are the risk factors for endometriosis?

Answer 26

Early menarche
Family history
Short menstrual cycles
Defects in uterus or fallopian tubes

Question 27

What are the signs and symptoms of endometriosis?

Answer 27

Cyclical pelvic pain
Pain during menstruation and sex
Infertility
Pelvic mass

Question 28

What investigations are done to diagnose endometriosis?

Answer 28

Laparoscopy - chocolate cysts, adhesions and peritoneal deposits
Transvaginal ultrasound
Hysterosalpingography
MRI Pelvis

Question 29

What is the treatment for endometriosis?

Answer 29

Analgesia
NSAIDs
COCP
Laser ablation if severe