Vagina

Question 1

Short Answer Questions (2 marks)
1. Describe the location and structure of the vagina.
2. What is the function of the hymen?
3. Define the term “fornices” and describe their location.

Short Answer Questions (3 marks)
1. Describe the anatomy of the vulva, including the mons pubis, labia majora, and labia minora.
2. Explain the structure and function of the clitoris.
3. Describe the location and function of the greater vestibular gland (Bartholin’s gland).

Short Answer Questions (4 marks)
1. Compare and contrast the anatomy of the female reproductive system with the male reproductive system.
2. Describe the changes that occur in the vagina during childbirth.
3. Explain the clinical significance of the rectouterine pouch (pouch of Douglas).

Short Answer Questions (5 marks)
1. Describe the anatomy and physiology of the female reproductive system, including the vagina, cervix, uterus, and ovaries.
2. Explain the etiology, symptoms, and treatment of infections of the greater vestibular gland (Bartholin’s gland).
3. Discuss the importance of the vulva and vagina in female reproductive health.

Answer 1

1. The vagina is a fibromuscular canal extending from the vulva to the uterus.
2. The hymen is a thin annular fold of mucous membrane that partially closes the lower end of the vagina in virgins.
3. Fornices are the upper circular parts of the vaginal cavity around the cervix.
4. The vulva consists of the mons pubis, labia majora, and labia minora.
5. The clitoris is an erectile organ homologous with the penis, located in the anterior part of the pudendal cleft.
6. The greater vestibular gland secretes mucus into the vestibule during sexual arousal.
7. The female reproductive system consists of the vagina, cervix, uterus, and ovaries, whereas the male system consists of the penis, testes, epididymis, and vas deferens.
8. During childbirth, the vagina undergoes dilation, effacement, and stretching.
9. The rectouterine pouch is prone to accumulation of pus or blood, leading to complications like pelvic abscesses or peritonitis.
10. The female reproductive system consists of the vagina, cervix, uterus, and ovaries, which work together for reproduction and childbirth.
11. Infections of the greater vestibular gland can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi, and treatment may involve antibiotics, drainage, or surgery.
12. The vulva and vagina play critical roles in female reproductive health, including sexual function, menstruation, and childbirth.

Question 2

Anatomy of vagina

Answer 2

Mons pubis: fat filled subcutaneous area covered with pubic hair
Labia majora: two thick folds of skin with subcutaneous fat forming lateral boundary of vulva. It’s outer surface is covered with hair
Labia minora: two thin folds of skin without fat
Clitoris: it is an erectile organ homologous with the penis. Located in pudendal cleft

Question 4

Greater testicular gland or bartholin gland

Answer 4

Located in the superficial perineal pouch. Corresponds to bulbourethral gland of males.
Gland secret mucus into the vestibule during arousal.
The bartholin gland are usually not palpable, but when infected they are palpable.
This gland is site or origin of most vulvar cancer.
Infected gland enlarge to diameter 4-5cm.
These gland get infected in gonorrhea