Ovary Flashcards
Situation of ovary
▪️Situated in ovarian fossa on lateral pelvic wall
▪️Position of ovary is variable
▪️ ovarian fossa is bounded anteriorly by obliterated umbilical artery
▪️ posteriorly by ureter and internal iliac artery
▪️In young girls the ovaries surface are smooth, after puberty the surface gets uneven due to frequent ovulation. During pregnancy the ovaries are shifted to the abdominal cavity and after parturition back to pelvic cavity
Size and shape of ovary
Shape - almond like
Size- 3cm long, 1.5cm wide, and 1cm thick
External features of ovary
- Upper end is connected to suspensory ligament of the ovary through which ovarian vessel enter
- Lower end is connected with supero-lateral angle of the uterus by ovarian ligament
- Anterior border is connected to mesovarium. The ovarian vessel enter the ovary through it
- Posterior border is convex and free
- Medical surface is related to uterine tube
- Lateral surface rest in ovarian fossa
Microscopic structure of ovary
× The ovary has an outer thick cortex containing ovarian Follicle and corpora lutea and inner vascular medulla
× At birth the ovarian cortex contains many primary ovarian Follicle. Many of these primary Follicle degenerate during childhood
× After puberty some developing each month as graafian Follicle usually maturing and rupturing till the child bearing period comes.
× The graffian Follicle consists of an outer layer called tunica interna which secret estrogen. Estrogen stimulates the proliferation phase of the menstrual cycle
× After ovulation the graffian Follicle convert into corpus luteum which secret progesterone. If pregnancy occur the corpus luteum persists for 3 month otherwise it converts into corpus albicans. Progesterone maintain the uterus endometrium lining and hence is required for maintenance of pregnancy
Arterial supply
- Ovarian artery from abdominal aorta
- Branches from uterine artery
Venous drainage
Ovarian veins drains into the inferior vena cava on right side
Renal veins on the left side
