Vaccine & Vaccinations Flashcards
What do vaccines contain?
-preservatives & stabilizers = preserve Ag
-specific antibodies
-adjuvant = enhance immune response to Ag
What are adjuvants?
-delay release of Ag from site of injection
-induce chemokines by leukocytes
-aluminum hydroxide, saponin
List the pros & cons for live attenuated vaccines. (I)
PRO
-rapid immunity
-sustained immunity
CON
-reversion to virulence
-virulent in immunocompromised
-less stable in storage
Describe recombinant organism vaccines. (I)
-carrier organism dont cause disease in vaccinated animals
-adjuvant not required
-doesn’t revert to virulence
Describe marker vaccines. (I)
-vaccine VS exposure immune response
EX: IBR & GpE
Describe the pros & cons of inactivated (killed whole organism) vaccines.
PRO
-safe
-no interference with other vaccines
-stable in storage
CON
-slow immunity
-multiple boosters
-adjuvant adverse effects
-reduced degree of protection
Describe subunit vaccines. (NI)
-immunological structural proteins
-metabolites of an organism
-purified proteins
-synthetic proteins
-recombinant proteins
Describe naked DNA vaccines. (NI)
-gene cloned from pathogen into plasmid
-plasmid transfect APC = pathogen gene expressed & processed in APC
Describe mRNA vaccines.
-gene
-mRNA expressed in APC
Describe passive immunization.
-immediate immune protection
-temporary
EX: tetanus (antitoxin), antivenom
-inhibit endogenous Ab response
Describe active immunization.
-humoral/cell mediated
-immune memory
Describe adverse effects.
-Type I hypersensitivity
>facial, perioorbital edema, pruritus
-FISS
