Vaccine Schedule Flashcards
Influenza vaccine
Administer yearly.
Avoid live virus in immunocompromised individuals.
Pneumococcal vaccine
PCV13
CDC recommends PCV13 for
- All children younger than 2 years old
- People 2 years or older with certain medical conditions
Adults 65 years or older also can discuss and decide, with their doctor, to get PCV13.
PPSV23
CDC recommends PPSV23 for
- All adults 65 years or older
- People 2 through 64 years old with certain medical conditions
- Adults 19 through 64 years old who smoke cigarettes
TDaP
- Administer every 10 years (ages 11 or older; younger than 11 receive DTap)
HPV
HPV vaccination is recommended for all preteens (including girls and boys) at age 11–12 years. All preteens need HPV vaccination, so they are protected from HPV infections that can cause cancer later in life.
- Teens and young adults through age 26 years who didn’t start or finish the HPV vaccine series also need HPV vaccination.
CDC recommends that 11- to 12-year-olds receive two doses of HPV vaccine 6 to 12 months apart.
- The first dose is routinely recommended at age 11–12 years old; the series can be started at age 9 years.
- Only two doses are recommended if vaccination started at age 9 and through age 14.
Teens and young adults who start the series later, at ages 15 through 26 years, need three doses of HPV vaccine.
- Adolescents aged 9 through 14 years who have already received two doses of HPV vaccine less than 5 months apart will require a third dose.
- Three doses are recommended for people with weakened immune systems aged 9 through 26 years.
MMR
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommends that all states require children entering childcare, and students starting school, college, and other postsecondary educational institutions to be up to date on MMR vaccination:
- 1 dose is recommended for preschool-aged children 12 months or older
- 2 doses are recommended for school-aged children in kindergarten through grade 12 as well as students attending colleges or other post-high school educational institutions
Varicella
Children under age 13 years should get two doses
- First dose at age 12 through 15 months
- Second dose at age 4 through 6 years
The second dose may be given at an earlier age if it is given at least 3 months after the first dose.
People 13 years of age and older who have never had chickenpox or received chickenpox vaccine should get two doses, at least 28 days apart. Chickenpox vaccination is especially important for:
- Healthcare professionals
- People who care for or are around others with a weakened immune system
- Teachers
- Childcare workers
- Residents and staff in nursing homes and residential settings
- College students
- Inmates and staff of correctional institutions
- Military personnel
- Non-pregnant women of child-bearing age
- Adolescents and adults living with children
- International travelers
**Note: Some people should not get chickenpox vaccine or they should wait.
- People should not get chickenpox vaccine if they have ever had a life-threatening allergic reaction to a previous dose of chickenpox vaccine or any ingredient of the vaccine, including gelatin or the antibiotic neomycin.
- People who are moderately or severely ill at the time the shot is scheduled should usually wait until they recover before getting chickenpox vaccine.
- Pregnant women should not get chickenpox vaccine. They should wait to get chickenpox vaccine until after they have given birth. Women should not get pregnant for 1 month after getting chickenpox vaccine.
- People should check with their doctor about whether they should get chickenpox vaccine if they:
- Have HIV/AIDS or another disease that affects the immune system
- Are being treated with drugs that affect the immune system, such as steroids, for 2 weeks or longer
- Have any kind of cancer
- Are getting cancer treatment with radiation or drugs
- Recently had a transfusion or were given other blood products
Shingrix
Healthy adults 50 years and older should get two doses of Shingrix, separated by 2 to 6 months. You should get Shingrix even if in the past you
- had shingles
- received Zostavax*
- are not sure if you had chickenpox
There is no maximum age for getting Shingrix.
**NOTE: You should not get Shingrix if you:
- have ever had a severe allergic reaction to any component of the vaccine or after a dose of Shingrix
- tested negative for immunity to varicella zoster virus. If you test negative, you should get chickenpox vaccine.
- currently have shingles
- currently are pregnant or breastfeeding. Women who are pregnant or breastfeeding should wait to get Shingrix.
If you have a minor acute (starts suddenly) illness, such as a cold, you may get Shingrix. But if you have a moderate or severe acute illness, you should usually wait until you recover before getting the vaccine. This includes anyone with a temperature of 101.3°F or higher.
Hepatitis A
The following people should be vaccinated against hepatitis A:
Children
- All children aged 12–23 months
- All children and adolescents 2–18 years of age who have not previously received hepatitis A vaccine (known as “catch up” vaccination)
Other people recommended for vaccination
- Pregnant women at risk for hepatitis A or risk for severe outcome from hepatitis A infection
- Any person who requests vaccination
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B vaccination is recommended for:
- All infants
- All children and adolescents younger than 19 years of age who have not been vaccinated
- People at risk for infection by sexual exposure
- People whose sex partners have hepatitis B
- Sexually active people who are not in a long-term, mutually monogamous relationship (for example, people with more than one sex partner in the past 6 months)
- People seeking evaluation or treatment for a sexually transmitted infection
- Men who have sex with men
- People at risk for infection by exposure to blood
- People who inject drugs
- People who live with someone who has hepatitis B
- People who live or work in facilities for people with developmental disabilities
- Health-care and public-safety workers at risk for exposure to blood or blood-contaminated body fluids on the job
- People who receive hemodialysis
- People with diabetes who are 19–59 years of age (people with diabetes who are age 60 or older should ask their health care professional).
- International travelers to countries where hepatitis B is common
- People with hepatitis C virus infection
- People with chronic liver disease
- People with HIV infection
- People who are in jail or prison
- All other people seeking protection from hepatitis B virus infection
**NOTE: Who should not receive the hepatitis B vaccine?
Anyone who has had a serious allergic reaction to a prior dose of hepatitis B vaccine, any part of the vaccine, or yeast should not get the hepatitis B vaccine.
Meningococcal Vaccination
All 11 to 12 year olds should get a MenACWY vaccine, with a booster shot at 16 years old. Teens may also get a MenB vaccine, preferably at 16 through 18 years old.
While any teen may choose to get a MenB vaccine, certain preteens and teens should get it if they:
- Have a rare type of immune disorder called complement component deficiency
- Are taking a type of medicine called a complement inhibitor (for example, Soliris® or Ultomiris®)
- Have a damaged spleen or their spleen has been removed
- Are part of a population identified to be at increased risk because of a serogroup B meningococcal disease outbreak
CDC recommends a MenACWY vaccine for children who are between 2 months and 10 years old if they:
- Have a rare type of immune disorder called complement component deficiency
- Are taking a type of medicine called a complement inhibitor (for example, Soliris® or Ultomiris®)
- Have a damaged spleen or their spleen has been removed
- Have HIV
- Are traveling to or residing in countries in which the disease is common
- Are part of a population identified to be at increased risk because of a serogroup A, C, W, or Y meningococcal disease outbreak
CDC recommends a MenB vaccine for children 10 years or older if they:
- Have a rare type of immune disorder called complement component deficiency
- Are taking a type of medicine called a complement inhibitor (for example, Soliris® or Ultomiris®)
- Have a damaged spleen or their spleen has been removed
- Are part of a population identified to be at increased risk because of a serogroup B meningococcal disease outbreak
Adults
CDC recommends a MenACWY vaccine for adults if they:
- Have a rare type of immune disorder called complement component deficiency
- Are taking a type of medicine called a complement inhibitor (for example, Soliris® or Ultomiris®)
- Have a damaged spleen or their spleen has been removed
- Have HIV
- Are a microbiologist who is routinely exposed to Neisseria meningitidis
- Are traveling to or residing in countries in which the disease is common
- Are part of a population identified to be at increased risk because of a serogroup A, C, W, or Y meningococcal disease outbreak
- Are not up to date with this vaccine and are a first-year college student living in a residence hall
- Are a military recruit
CDC recommends a MenB vaccine for adults if they:
- Have a rare type of immune disorder called complement component deficiency
- Are taking a type of medicine called a complement inhibitor (for example, Soliris® or Ultomiris®)
- Have a damaged spleen or their spleen has been removed
- Are a microbiologist who is routinely exposed to Neisseria meningitidis
- Are part of a population identified to be at increased risk because of a serogroup B meningococcal disease outbreak
Talk to your clinician to find out if, and when, you will need MenACWY or MenB booster shots.
Who Should Not Get These Vaccines?
Because of age or health conditions, some people should not get certain vaccines or should wait before getting them. Read the guidelines below and ask your or your child’s clinician for more information.
Tell the person who is giving you or your child a meningococcal vaccine if:
You or your child have had a life-threatening allergic reaction or have a severe allergy.
- Do not get a meningococcal vaccine if
- You have ever had a life-threatening allergic reaction after a previous dose of that meningococcal vaccine.
- You have a severe allergy to any part of that vaccine. Your or your child’s clinician can tell you about the vaccine’s ingredients.
You are pregnant or breastfeeding.
- Pregnant women who are at increased risk for serogroup A, C, W, or Y meningococcal disease may get MenACWY vaccines.
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women who are at increased risk for serogroup B meningococcal disease may get MenB vaccines. However, they should talk with a clinician to decide if the benefits of getting the vaccine outweigh the risk.
You or your child are not feeling well.
- People who have a mild illness, such as a cold, can probably get these vaccines. People who have a moderate or severe illness should probably wait until they recover. Your or your child’s clinician can advise you.
HIB
CDC recommends Hib vaccination for all children younger than 5 years old. Older children and adults usually do not need a Hib vaccine, unless they have certain medical conditions.
Talk to your or your child’s doctor if you have questions about Hib vaccines.
Young Children
Children younger than 5 years old need multiple shots of a Hib vaccine. CDC recommends shots at the following ages:
- 2 months
- 4 months
- 6 months (if needed; depends on brand)
- 12 through 15 months
Older Children and Adults
Older children and adults usually do not need a Hib vaccine. CDC recommends Hib vaccination for two groups of older children and adults:
- People with certain medical conditions who are unvaccinated
- People who receive a bone marrow transplant
Who Should Not Get It?
Because of age or health conditions, some people should not get certain vaccines or should wait before getting them. Read the guidelines below and ask your or your child’s doctor for more information.
Babies younger than 6 weeks old should not get a Hib vaccine. In addition, tell the person who is giving you or your child a Hib vaccine if:
You or your child have had a life-threatening allergic reaction or have a severe allergy.
- Anyone who had a life-threatening allergic reaction after a previous shot of a Hib vaccine should not get another shot.
- Anyone with a severe allergy to any part of a Hib vaccine should not get this vaccine. Your or your child’s doctor can tell you about the vaccine’s ingredients.
You or your child are not feeling well.
- People who have a mild illness, such as a cold, can probably get the vaccine. People who have a more serious illness should probably wait until they recover. Your or your child’s doctor can advise you.
