Vaccination Of Dogs Flashcards
What are the core vaccines in dogs? What are their duration of immunity and relative efficacy?
Distemper (MLV/recombinant): >5 years, >90%
Parvovirus (MLV): >5 years, >90%
Adenovirus (MOV): > 7 years, >90%
Rabies (killed): 1-3 years, >85%
Based on the duration of immunity or efficacy described by the core vaccines, why vaccinate so often?
Because that is for MOST dogs, not every dog will react to vaccination that well
MLV and recombinant vaccines are more effective than killed vaccines because
They produce the same types of immunity as natural infection (they actually replicate in the host)
What is the risk of virulence with the distemper, parvovirus and adenovirus vaccines
May be seen with older vaccines or if administered improperly
Describe the stability of the distemper, parvovirus and adenovirus vaccines
Infectious vaccines are less stable than killed
Should be used within one hour of reconstitution, avoid using alcohol swabs (may kill the vaccine)c avoid using reused/unclean syringes and ensure site is clean
What are the routes of administration for the distemper, parvovirus and adenovirus vaccines
Given SQ or IM
Colostrum antibody will interfere with these
Never given before 6a weeks of age
One dose may be sufficient to provide solid immunity (because it replicates or if given IN)
What is the vaccine protocol for distemper, parvovirus and adenovirus vaccines
In young dogs: at least 3 doses SQ to ensure at least 1 dose is effective
Usually start at 6-8 weeks and then every 3-4 weeks until the pup is 16 weeks of age
Revaccinated at 1 year and then every 1-3 years after depending on the vaccine
If they are >16 weeks of age only need 1 vaccine (2 in high risk situations)
What is the indent of immunity for distemper, parvovirus and adenovirus vaccines
Typically begins at 7 days
Non responders: 1 or 2 per 1000)
Describe booster vaccines for distemper, parvovirus and adenovirus vaccines
Revaccinate at 1 year of age, then every 1-3 years after
Infectious vaccines often last for life (varies in individuals)
Single dose of an infectious vaccine is effective regardless of time from previous vaccination)
True or false
The core vaccines for dogs are often combined, including rabies
False
They are often combined, only containing distemper, adenovirus, and parvovirus (may have parainfluenza)
Describe vaccination of dogs with rabies
Killed vaccine, legal requirements depend on legislation
Never given before 3 months of age (12 weeks) (no risk of maternal antibody)
allow 1 month for immunity to develop after for immunity to develop
First given at 12+ weeks, then 1 year and then every 1-3 years after
Ex, IMRAB 1 and 3, RABVAC 3
Can use these in other species but double the dose for LA
What are the non-core or optional vaccines for dogs
Bordetella Parainfluenza Canine influenza (killed) Borrelia Burogoferria (killed) Leptospira (killed, 4 way or subunit)
Describe vaccination with live avirulent IN bordetella combo with parainfluenza and sometimes adenovirus
Can be given as early as 3-4 weeks (IN: no interference from colostrum antibody)
May produce mild signs (live)
Best and earliest protection (mucosal surfaces)
Antibodies appear in nose 4 days after (may be as early as 48h)
Also stimulates systemic immunity (all Ig classes)
Only need 1 dose for initial shit
Typically given at least 1 week and more more than 6 months before high risk situation (lasts 1 year or more)
May be difficult to administer IN
True or false
Bordetella (may be combo) avirulent PO vaccine is less effective than the IN vaccine and there is no colostrum antibody interference
True
True or false
Live product may cause severe disease if given systemically
True
