Vaccination Flashcards
List the routine vaccinations available for dogs
- Distemper, infectious hepatitis, parvovirus
- Leptospira (L2 or L4 available)
- Also: kennel cough ( canine parainfluenza virus, Bordatella)
Which species of Lepto do the L2 and L4 vaccines cover?
- L2: icterohaemorrhagiae, canicola
- L4: same + bratislava, grippotyphosa
List the routine vacciantions for cats
- FeLV, feline herpes virus, feline parvo, Chlamydophila, feline calicivirus
- Also Bordatella accine available
Outline a typical vaccination protocol for cats
- First vacc 8-9 weeks old
- Second vacc 3-5 weeks later
- Annual boosters (except panleukopaenia which is done every 3 years)
- Must be 3 months olf before Rabies vaccine
Which are the core, and which are the non-core vaccines for cats?
Core: FHV, FCV, FIE
Non-core: feline bordatella, rabies, Chlamydophila felis, FeLV
Outline a worming protocol for kittens to protect against toxocara cati
- 3 weeks old worm with fenbendazole
- 4-8 weeks old weaning, with worming every 2 weeks
- between 10 weeks to 6 months old, worm every 4 weeks
- From then on worm with any licensed anthelmintic
- From 6 months onward, worm at least every 3 months
Outline Toxocara cati infestation in kittens
- Passed to kittens in queen’s milk
- Larvae encyst in tissue following infection, where they are immune to wormer and will then be released in queens in response to pregnancy and lactation
- Can assume all kittens have some degree of T. cati infestation
When is management of a swelling at an injection site post-vaccination required?
- If persists more than 3 months post injection
- If it is larger than 2cm diameter
- If it is increasing in size after a month
- Management/biopsy if any of the above criteria apply
What are some serious vaccination reactions that may occur?
- Local injection site reactions
- Anaphylaxis
- Polyarthritis
- Sarcomas
- Upper resp. tract disease
Which diseases are vaccinated against in the rabbit?
- Myxomatosis
- Viral haemorrhagic disease (calicivirus)
Discuss ferret vaccinations
- Can be vaccinated against distemper, off licence
- Need to explain to owner
- Usually give half a dose of canine vaccine
- Presents high risk of developing distemper itself so need to explain risk carefully
What vaccine related reasons may cause vaccination failure?
- Out of date
- Incorrect storag
What patient related reasons may cause vaccination failure?
- Maternally derived antibodies present
- Concurrent illness
- Steroid treatment
What are the requirements for tetanus vaccinations in horses?
Every horse must be vaccinated. Booster every 2 years following primary course
What are the requirements for equine influenza vaccination?
- All horses competing in affiliated competitions and racehorses
- Interval between boosters varies between organisation, but usually 6-12 months
- Also required by many yard owners
- If miss a vaccine, restart primary vaccination course
Describe the use of the equine herpes virus vaccine
- Most commercial vacciens contain EHV-1 and 4
- Usually for large groups of horses e.g. racehorses (outbreak disrupts training)
- Most pleasure horse owners do not vaccinate but may be advisable
- Pregnant mares should be vaccinated against EHV-1 in late pregnancy to reduce risks of abortion, neonatal disease
Describe the use of the equine arteritis virus vaccine
- Prevent/control shedding of virus in infected breeding stallions
- Mares vaccinated 3 weeks before breeding but not once pregnant
- Not indicated in a gelding
Describe the use of the rotavirus vaccine in horses
- Pregnant mares can be vaccinated in late pregnancy to provide passive immunity to foal
- Not indicated in mature pleasure horse
Describe the use of the strangles vaccine in horses
- Intended for use in horse with clearly identifiable risk of S. equi infection
- If livery yard has history of strangles, vaccine indicated
List the vaccinations that can be used in pregnant mares
- Tetanus
- Equine influenza
- Rotavirus
- Equine herpes virus
Which cattle vaccine is essential?
BVD
Which cattle vaccines are sensible precautions?
- Clostridial disease
- Leptospirosis
- Lungworm
- IBR
Which cattle vaccines are only needed if disease state dictates?
- Salmonella
- Calf respiratory disease (IBR/PI3?RSV/Pasteurella)
- Schmallenberg
- Coronavirus/Rotavirus/E coli
Which sheep vaccines are essential?
- Clostridial disease
- Pasteurella
Which sheep vaccines are a sensible precaution?
Toxopalsma
Which sheep vaccines are only needed if disease status dictates?
- Orf
- Footrot
- Chlamydophila
Outlien the goat vaccines
- Only Coxevac licensed, prevents Coxiela burnetti
- Clostridial disease vaccine also recommended
Outline the first vaccination protocol of dogs
- First vacc from 6 weeks old, second injection at 10 weeks old to ensure MDAs declined and do not interfere with response
- If do not start vaccination until 10 weeks old, second component only parainfluenza vaccine 2 weeks later
What is required in order to be able to perform a pre-purchase examination of a horse?
- if horse’s history is known to you/your practice but only if you disclose this to purchaser, need permission from all people who owned the horse at time when you gained relevant information regarding a horse’s history
- Only if there is no conflict of interest so need to identify buyer and seller
- Need to declare purchaser in advance of the examination
What are the requirements regarding recording of movements, births and deaths of cattle?
- Movements recorded within 36 hours of them occurring (onto or off farm)
- Births and death within 7 days
- Keep records for 10 years
What are the certification requirements for vets?
- Must only certify within your own knowledge, or with supporting certification from another vet
- Do not certify anything with conflict of interest
- Certificates must be unambiguous and written in easy to understand language
- identify animals individually
- Keep originals
- Signature never in black date the signature
- No deletions crossings out
- ## Write in language from country of issue and provided in language of ultimate destination of animal
